行政公诉程序相关问题研究北大核心

维护国家或社会的公共利益是检察机关行使行政公诉权的现实基础,行政公诉权是保护公共利益的必要手段。行政公诉应坚持公益原则和必要原则。可以针对行政不作为和行政乱作为分别设计行政公诉程序。对检察机关认为行政不作为或乱作为损害公共利益的情况下提起的行政公诉,人民法院可分别作出履行判决、确认判决或者驳回原告诉讼请求的处理。     

论构建完整的公诉权——以国家利益、社会公共利益完整性为视角

对国家利益和社会公共利益的保障是一个完整的系统,由民商法、经济法、行政法、刑法等部门法共同调整.一旦国家利益、社会公共利益受到其他利益主体的侵害,需要代表国家利益与社会公共利益的专门国家机关通过公诉手段救济.完整的公诉权应当包含刑事公诉权、民事公诉权和行政公诉权,在我国,检察机关是应然的国家利益和社会公共利益的代表人,由检察机关掌握刑事、民事、行政公诉权具有正当性.     

检察机关以非公诉方式参与民事诉讼刍议

以支持起诉、监督起诉和刑事附带民事诉讼为表现形式的非公诉方式是检察机关以非公诉方式参与民事诉讼的适当方式,它既有现实需要的必要性,又有理论上的正当性。在确定检察机关参与民事诉讼的范围时,一定要把握保护国家利益和公共利益的需要这一基本原则,在参与方式上注意其自身的形式和程序要求。     

检察机关提起行政公诉简论

关于检察机关应否有权提起行政诉讼问题的争论由来已久。按照我国检察机关的性质、任务以及保护公共利益的现实需要，应当肯定检察机关这一职权。检察机关提起行政公诉时应遵循一定的原则，起诉范围亦应严格把握，而不能过多干预个人不起诉的正当权益。     

国家民事公诉:检察权的新型配置与制度建构

从检察权产生、发展的历史背景和现实需求来考察,检察机关维护国家利益和社会公共利益的角色定位,使其具有承担国家民事公诉权能的自然身份,有充分理由将民事公诉纳入我国检察权新型配置的视野。我国民事公诉法律制度的构建,需要对检察机关的诉权和诉讼法律地位,公诉案件的受案条件、范围和管辖,公诉案件的证据规则,公诉案件的审理、裁判和执行等具体内容进行合理设计,既保障检察机关依法履行职能,又避免与政府公权力的行使和当事人意思自治的基本原则产生冲突。     

检察机关公益诉讼主体地位的法理分析

构建社会主义和谐社会需要消除国有资产流失、环境污染、公共性危机事件等不和谐社会现象。本文立足于检察机关在国家利益和社会公共利益司法保护领域的功能性分析,提出了正确认识检察机关民事公诉权的现实合理性和必要性,以及在此基础上检察机关行使民事公诉权的若干程序问题。     

和谐社会语境下的检察监督权——基于民事公益诉讼的阐释

构建社会主义和谐社会需要消除国有资产流失、环境污染、公共性危机事件等不和谐社会现象.立足于检察机关在国家利益和社会公共利益司法保护领域的功能性分析,提出了正确认识检察机关民事公诉权的现实合理性和必要性,以及在此基础上检察机关行使民事公诉权的若干程序问题.     

民事公诉制度的诉讼法基础

一般认为,民事公诉制度,是指检察机关在法定情形下,为维护国家利益和社会公共利益及公共秩序,以国家的名义将一定种类的民事案件提交人民法院审判的制度。近年来,检察机关能否提起民事公诉,特别是检察机关提起民事公诉的法理基础成为理论界和实务界共同关注的一个热点问题。     

检察机关提起民事公诉程序制度设计

随着我国民事公诉实践的发展和研究的深入。对建立民事公诉制度的必要性与可行性已基本达成共识。但在民事公诉程序的具体设计上，还存在不同观点。民事公诉立案范围应限制在维护国家利益和社会公共利益这个中心主题上，检察官以“公诉人”身份出席民事公诉案件法庭，彰显检察机关法律监督机关的司法性质和宪法定位。     

从检察权的宪法定位论民事公诉——兼谈民事公诉理论基础与权利救济

民事公诉制度，是指检察机关在法定情形下，为维护国家利益和社会公共利益及公共秩序，以国家的名义将一定种类的民事案件提交人民法院审判的制度。近年来，检察机关能否提出民事诉讼成为理论界和实务界共同关注的一个热点问题。赞成者的主要依据是维护国家利益、公共利益说，反对者的主要依据是私权意思自治不受干预和诉讼当事人说。笔者认为，研究检察机关能否提起民事诉讼的问题应从三个方面着手，从而得出检察机关应该也应能提起民事诉讼的结论。首先，研究民事公诉问题的逻辑     

论环境公益与环境公诉

自 2 0 0 4年第 1期《科技与法律》编辑部与中国人民大学环境资源法研究所合作开办“环境法论坛”专栏以来 ,得到了广大的热爱环境资源保护事业的作者和读者的支持 ,使本专栏得以继存。再次重申 ,“环境法论坛”专栏的办刊宗旨是“专业、务实、新颖、活泼”。基于编辑对环境法学术期刊并非一定死气沉沉、拘泥形式的办刊理念的理解 ,目前我们已开设“理论推陈出新”、“立法释法之我见”、“由案说法”、“异域风景线”、“你争我鸣”和“环境法沙拉”等隐性栏目 ,期盼学界同仁恩赐如下大作 :能自圆其说的理论创新者 ;独到的建设性的立法建议和学理性释法者 ;结合新近案例的法治实践 ,并有所理论提升者 ;介绍国内外的各种新近、先进环境法制 ,开阔国人视野 ,并能启迪心智 ,而绝非仅为走马观花者 ;无论旧论新说 ,展开针锋相对的学术争鸣与回应答辩者 ;符合本栏目宗旨 ,不限篇幅与形式的书评、法制信息、学术活动综述、国外学术机构及其成果介绍等。欢迎作者赐稿、赐题。来稿请遵循本刊自 2 0 0 4年以来的以往各期的版式 ,以WORD文档附件的形式发至 :enblaw @yahoo .com .cn专用电子信箱 ,电子邮件“主题”请务必注明“环境法论坛投稿”字样。《科技与法律》编辑部“环境法论坛”专栏编辑     

Public Space,Public Morality: The Media Construction of Sex in Public Places

Public sex has been the focus of a number of academic texts in recent years, but while some comment more generally on how the media have presented specific forms of public sexual activity, it remains unclear how the media have constructed these undertakings. The phenomenon consists of a number of subcultures aimed at providing sexual enjoyment in public settings in different ways. There has been evidence that those engaging in public sex undertake significant risk that, while motivating for those taking part, can lead to a number of tragic consequences. Some of these consequences include physical attacks by members of the public as well as susceptibility to robbery and even abduction. This article will explore one of the possible reasons behind an unfavourable view of public sex in the public conscience- the mass media, and in particular, newspapers in the United Kingdom. The way in which the media have constructed various forms of public sex will be explored, as well as the information provided in reports, and in particular, the detailing of locations of Public Sex Environments (PSEs).     

Optimal Growth with Public Capital and Public Services

We characterize optimal economic growth in an endogenous growth model in which production requires public capital (a stock) and public services (a flow) in addition to private capital and labor. We analyze the comparative static effects of changes in the fundamental technological and preference parameters of the model on the optimal values of several variables, such as the optimal rate of growth and the optimal allocation of resources among consumption, the provision of public services, and investment in public and private capital. We show that the general optimal path converges in finite time to the balanced growth optimal path. We relate our paper to important contributions to the existing literature by obtaining them as special cases of our model.     

Public criminologies

Research Summary Public scholarship aspires to bring social science home to the individuals, communities, and institutions that are its focus of study. In particular, it seeks to narrow the yawning gap between public perceptions and the best available scientific evidence on issues of public concern. Yet nowhere is the gap between perceptions and evidence greater than in the study of crime. Here, we outline the prospects for a public criminology, conducting and disseminating research on crime, law, and deviance in dialogue with affected communities. We present historical data on the media discussion of criminology and sociology, and we outline the distinctive features of criminology—interdisciplinary, a subject matter that incites moral panics, and a practitioner base actively engaged in knowledge production—that push the boundaries of public scholarship. Policy Implications Discussions of public sociology have drawn a bright line separating policy work from professional, critical, and public scholarship. As the research and policy essays published in Criminology & Public Policy make clear, however, the best criminology often is conducted at the intersection of these domains. A vibrant public criminology will help to bring new voices to policy discussions while addressing common myths and misconceptions about crime.     

论公物公众使用收费的标准

公物公众使用收费过高或不当的免费都存在公平、效率等问题。现有学说对收费判断的标准过于空泛、单一,无法反映复杂的现实,也难以给予实践有效指导,需要更精细化的研究。影响收费与否及定价的主要因素包括需求的基本性、资金来源、价格调控的合比例性、自然公物还是人工公物、使用习惯、受益对象和受益范围与时机、自愿的意思表示等。这些因素需要进行综合权衡,在一定条件下发挥作用,从而类型化出免费、成本性收费、效率性收费、营利性收费和混合性收费五种收费与定价的具体方式。     

公共服务创新与事业单位改革

事业单位改革是关系到我国公共服务创新能否实现的重要载体。随着社会的发展变化,行政生态的转型,必然导致公共治理与公共服务模式的治道变革。如何学习和借鉴国外公共服务改革的经验,改革政府,改革事业机构,为全社会提供统一的公共产品和公共服务,建设同改革发展新阶段相适应的公共服务体系已成为一个越来越迫切的任务。     

Public Diplomacy,Smith-Mundt and the American Public

The U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, also known as the Smith-Mundt Act, is a mostly unknown and widely misunderstood piece of legislation. Revised multiple times, the law bans domestic dissemination of Voice of America and other U.S. international broadcast content in the United States. Presenting government-supported international broadcasting as an example of public diplomacy, this article discusses the long-term misrepresentation of Smith-Mundt's original intent and highlights the consequences of the continuing ban. The article considers prospects for ending the ban and emphasizes potential opportunities presented by its elimination, concluding that ending the ban might eliminate incongruity between American foreign policy goals of democracy promotion and the reality of banned domestic content. Repeal of the ban may also result in unexpected remedies for challenges facing the American media industry and the American public's desire for international news.

The United States government may be the largest broadcaster that few Americans know about. Although its networks reach 100 countries in 59 languages, they are banned from distribution in the United States by a 1948 law devised to prevent the government from turning its propaganda machine on its own citizens. ^{1 1}Mark Landler, A New Voice of America for the Age of Twitter, N.Y. Times, June 7, 2011 at 9. The broadcasters comprising the U.S. international broadcasting operation are the Voice of America (VOA), Alhurra, Radio Sawa, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Radio Free Asia, and Radio and TV Marti. The Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) is “a bipartisan agency … that acts as a ‘firewall’ between the U.S. government and international broadcasting entities it funds.” Kim Andrew Elliott, America Calling: A 21st-Century Model, Foreign Service J., Oct. 2010, at 31. When Smith-Mundt was passed in 1948, USIB authority fell under the Department of State. Later, Congress created the United States Information Agency (USIA) to facilitate American public diplomacy operations. After the end of the cold war, Congress dismantled USIA and returned responsibility for American public diplomacy efforts to the Department of State. For an excellent history of the rise and fall of the USIA, see Nicholas J. Cull, The Cold War and the United States Information Agency: American Propaganda and Public Diplomacy 1945–1989 (2008).      

Public guardianship

Conclusion Public guardianship provides a useful means of providing care for a very vulnerable group of people—the incapacitated. This vulnerability requires that special care be taken to assure that the guardian does not subordinate the ward's interests to any other considerations. Such subordination of the ward's interests may be inadvertent or well intentioned. It may even, on occasion, be consistent with broader social or governmental policies. Nevertheless, it is a violation of the guardian's duty of loyalty.This article has discussed several methods for reducing the likelihood that the ward's rights will be infringed. Ultimately, however, the avoidance of improprieties and the maintenance of incapacitated persons in dignity depends not on procedural or managerial devices, but on the loyalty of the guardian to the interests of his or her ward.