论幸福本性

快乐的心理体验是幸福的主观形式 ,是幸福的主观本性 ;人的需求之满足和生存发展之完满则是幸福的客观内容。如果一个人感到快乐而幸福 ,是因为他的需要、欲望、目的得到了真实的实现 ,那么 ,他的快乐的心理体验之幸福的主观形式与他的需要得到实现和生存发展达到完满之幸福的客观内容便都是真实的。幸福的真实性是主观形式与客观内容相一致的本性。反之 ,如果一个人因为他的重大的需要、欲望、目的得到了虚幻的实现 ,那么 ,他的快乐的心理体验之幸福的主观形式与他的重大需要得到实现和生存发展达到完满之幸福的客观内容便是不一致的。因主体不同而不同的幸福是相对的幸福 ;不依主体而转移的幸福是绝对幸福     

正确认识马克思主义利益主体

利益问题是人类社会生活中的焦点问题,利益关系是人类社会关系的本质。在空前凸现利益矛盾、利益冲突问题的当代社会,加强利益范畴的研究,具有极其重要的理论价值与实践价值。而分析利益关系、解决利益矛盾和利益冲突的关键与核心,则在于正确认识与分析利益主体。     

解放思想漫谈

解放思想，就是在马克思主义指导下，打破落后观念、习惯势力和主观偏见的束缚，解除被束缚、被桎梏着的思维活动，改变因循守旧、不接受新事物的精神状态，研究新情况、解决新问题。人类自诞生以来，就希望通过对客观世界的把握，来达到改造客观世界和人类自身的目的，而客观世界具有脱离主观认识独立运行的绝对属性，为缓解这对矛盾，人的思想必须不断解放。     

中国特色社会主义理论体系的认识论解析——中国共产党人的马克思主义观研究

从实践和认识的关系看,中国特色社会主义理论体系是关于我国社会主义发展规律的科学;从内容和形式的关系看,中国特色社会主义理论体系虽无形式上的统一却有实质上的系统;从客观和主观的关系看,中国特色社会主义理论体系的形式取决于历史条件和个人风格;从客体和主体的关系看,中国特色社会主义理论体系的科学性来源于实践主体对客观实际与思维规律的正确把握;总之,从认识论角度看,中国特色社会主义理论体系是规律、思想、理论“三位一体”的科学理论体系。确立“三位一体”的理论体系及其研究方法,旨在进一步深化对当代中国共产党人的马克思主义观的研究。     

王弼“得意忘象”、“言不尽意”思想初探

言意关系本为语言和思维的关系。这对范畴在《周易·系辞上》中就已提出过。王弼通过对言、意矛盾的揭示,反映了对认识主体——人本身认识能力的考察。他承认认识是主观与客观的统一,主体“可寻言以观象,……寻象以观意。”不仅看到离开言、象就无法尽意,同时又认为言、象作为尽意的工具、手段是具体的、有限的。就人要达到对最后本体、最普遍原则的认识的目的来说,言又不能尽意。虽然王弼割裂了认识过程中由不尽到尽的发展,把言不尽意的阶段片面化、绝对化并与整个人类认识发展过程割裂,以至得出了错误的结论,但却对人的认识能力做了初步的考察。开了尽与不尽问题讨论的先河,意识到人的认识能力的认识范围和界限。把认识的中心由自然转向对主体的探讨,开始了对认识主体自身的反思,扭转了认识主体在认识中的被动地位。     

国内学界关于人类命运共同体思想研究述评

"人类命运共同体"被提出以来,国内学界主要从内涵、形成与发展、历史定位及其实践路径等方面对其展开热烈讨论,取得丰硕成果的同时也存在诸如概念不清、研究视角较狭窄、形而上学和"二元对立"思维较突出等问题。对此,学界应厘清"共同体"概念的演变过程,注重运用马克思主义矛盾分析法认识"人类命运共同体"的形成和发展,注重运用比较视野认识"人类命运共同体"的实践与落实,注重在全球化背景下认识"人类命运共同体"可能带来的全球性和地方性矛盾问题。     

正确理解“真理是客观的”

教材将真理定义为:"真理是与客观对象相符合的认识,是标志主观同客观相符合的哲学范畴,是人们对客观事物及其规律的正确反映",从以上对真理的定义看出,真理是依赖于人,依赖于认识主体的,那么"真理是客观的"该怎么正确解读呢?     

怀疑不是认识论范畴

目前,有同志认为怀疑是一种辩证思维形式,是认识论的重要范畴。(见《求索》1983年第二期《怀疑在认识论中的作用》一文)笔者对此提出不同的看法。 (1)怀疑不是一种思维形式,更不是一种辩证思维形式,它只是一种思维混乱状态,具有不明确性和不确定性的特征。怀疑的客观基础有二:①客观矛盾在主观中的反映。表现为主观思维中的各种概念、判断、推理和假说的矛盾和对立,从而使主体得不到关于客体的最终一致的认     

价值与真理的本质及其关系

价值与真理是贯穿于全部人类生命活动领域的两项基本目的追求，他们分别从不同的角度，体现了人类对主体尺度与客体尺度的自觉意识和运用。价值的本质存在于人的生存活动所必然形成的主体与客体的统一关系之中。真理的本质特征是主观与客观相符合。真理是有价值的，对价值的认识又具有真理性，价值是否有真理性，真理是否是真理，都要通过实践去检验。     

实践标准的绝对性和相对性

关于如何检验和评价发展的问题,辩证唯物主义认为,人们只有在实践中,使主观认识同客观实际相符合,即主观符合客观,才能得到检验。正如马克思所说:"人的思维是否具有客观的真理性,这并不是一个理论问题,而是一个实践的问题。"从辩证唯物主义的立场出发,毛泽东把实践作为检验真理的惟一标准,邓小平则把"三个有利于"作为检验一     

试论我国民族间事实上的不平等问题

民族间事实上的不平等问题是我国复杂多样的民族问题中一个最基本的问题,它表现在各个方面,其根本原因在经济方面,发展民族地区经济是解决问题的关键。     

江泽民民族问题论

江泽民民族问题理论系统地回答了如何正确认识社会主义民族问题的涵义、定位、原因、特点、性质、原则、制度、出路、关键、关联等一系列基本问题 ,形成了江泽民民族问题理论的科学体系。     

Human Rights as Unique Rights——an analysis of Raz's Political Concept of human Rights

The practice of international human rights has led to the development of the political notion of human rights in contemporary times and triggered the theoretical reflection on "what are human rights " The natural rights view, which is based on human nature, regards human rights as universal moral rights owned by everyone against all others.holding a different perspective from the natural rights view, Raz, the representative of the political notion of human rights, bases his view on the political function of human rights in restricting national sovereignty in international practice and defines human rights as the legal rights enjoyed by everyone against the country since the end of the World War ii, which should be enforced by fair and reliable international institutions.Unavoidably, Raz's concept of human rights has been subject to questioning and criticism by natural right theorists.The controversy around Raz's concept of human rights shows that: on one hand, the Western academic circle has not readied a basic consensus on the understanding of human rights based on international human rights practice; on the other hand, it deeply reveals the theoretical need for the international community to reach a basic consensus on international human rights practice in the historical context of the changing international legal order.     

毒品犯罪主观“明知”认定难的应然出路——从列举式推定到推定规则

由于毒品犯罪的特殊性,认定犯罪嫌疑人对所运输、持有的物品为毒品较为困难。为解决认定毒品犯罪中主观"明知"的困难,司法实践中引入了推定方法。然而,由于推定方法自身的缺陷以及毒品犯罪嫌疑人的特殊性,导致在毒品犯罪中适用犯意推定方法可能伤及无辜,因而需要对推定方法的适用进行合理的规范,合理限制其适用方法和条件,从而达到打击犯罪与人权保障的平衡。     

Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind to Human Rights Theory

The concept named "a community with a shared future for mankind" has important implications for the theory and practice of human rights. From the perspective of specific human rights, the idea of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind implies recognizing the right to peace of mankind, advocates the mode of economic cooperation and development, and acts as a guide for building an eco-friendly world, rejecting hegemony, and promoting cultural diversity. Therefore, a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind plays an important supporting role in establishing the legitimacy of specific rights. Meanwhile, in view of the scarcity of human resources, it is impossible for all kinds of rights to be protected to the same degree. Human rights need to be systematically constructed in theory and practice, and also require the formation of a well-functioning platform for their protection. As a guideline, the notion of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is conducive to the establishment of such a system.     

“三流转”制度与中国“三农”问题的解决

本文指出,中国的"三农"问题是相互关联的,解决的关键在于实现农业生产的跨越式发展.另外还指出,中国农业生产的桎梏在于其三大要素流转不畅.在此基础上本文提出必须建立和完善"三流转"制度的建议.     

Strengthening Public-Private Partnerships in State Child Welfare Systems: Results of a Multi-State Strategic Planning Process

Dramatic growth in health and human service contracting over the past two decades has increased the need for managerial competency in the development and sustainment of effective cross-sector partnerships. Although the quality of relations between partnering agencies can affect client outcomes, few macro-level interventions for strengthening cross-sector partnerships have been described or tested in the literature. This article describes a facilitated, strategic planning process implemented in five different states and presents pre-post test results of its effect on different factors known to affect partnership success. Implications for child welfare administrative practice and research are discussed.     

The “Erga Omnes” of the Protection of Fundamental Human Rights and the “Complementary Protection” of Refugees Not Prescribed by the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees

The United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 1951 and its Protocol in 1967 set Four Essentials to limit the definition of "refugee". The concept of complementary protection emerged in academia and practice for those who, though they do not have the essentials,are in need of protection. Complementary protection is considered not only a moral obligation, but also a legal obligation. Although as the result of developing the principle of "non-refoulement" in international law, "complementary protection" should be limited when economic and social rights are concerned. The development of the non-refoulement principle and the emergence of "complementary protection" are based on the Erga Omnes of human rights. The International Court of Justice has restricted the emergence and evolvement of obligations Erga Omnes within the scope of obligations concerning fundamental and non-derogable human rights, and therefore,the application of "complementary protection" in protecting economic and social rights has been limited. Only when the unbalance of economic and social rights has been serious enough to impact other fundamental human rights will the obligation of "complementary protection" ensue.     

中国环境保护激励制度创新研究

当环境保护与经济发展遇到不可协调的矛盾时，如何有效实施环境保护制度创新，从而实现“保护环境是经济上必需的”，是环境保护激励制度创新中的重要问题。文章探讨了中国环境保护激励制度的创新原则，建构了改善中国环境保护激励制度创新的制度环境。     

论生态文明视阈下农民生态意识的培养

生态意识是对人与自然关系的一种新认识、新价值判断和新的社会实践.农民具备高度的生态意识对我国建设社会主义生态文明、保护环境具有重要意义和作用.我国部分农民欠缺应有的生态意识是当前农村环境问题日趋严峻的重要原因.为建设社会主义生态文明、保护农村生态环境,国家应该采取有效措施增强农民生态意识,鼓励农民参与到农村环境保护的事业中