经济全球化背景下的“丝绸之路经济带”国际学术研讨会综述(英文)

On December 11,2013,the international conference on the Silk Road Economic Belt in the Context of Economic Globalization was hostedby the China Institute of International Studies(CIIS)in Beijing.About 60 participants,including experts from China,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan and Uzbekistan,officials from the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)secretariat,diplomats from the embassies in China of the members of the Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS),officials from China’s Foreign Ministry and former Chinese ambassadors to the CIS states,attended the conference.The participants agreed that Chinese President Xi Jinping’s Silk Road Economic Belt initiative encapsulates the trend of the times and is of greathistorical significance.The Silk Road Economic Belt will bring new historic opportunities and huge benefits to the economic development of the countries within the belt.This initiative proposed by China will be enriched with specific content with the active participation of the relevant countries over a long period.The major points expressed at the symposium were as follows.     

Some Thoughts on the Construction of the 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road北大核心CSSCISSCI

As an integral component of the ＂One Belt and One Road＂ strategic vision, the construction of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road will reflect the developing path of China＇ s maritime geo-economy with significant polit- ical and diplomatic implications. Although the construction of the new maritime silk road has its？ endogenous logic and justified considerations, it will encounter various challenges and difficulties. In order to achieve the strategic goal of setting up a community？ of common interest and？ destiny with the relative countries, the ＂Maritime Silk Road＂ program has to be advanced cautiously with the principles of wide consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits.     

B&R,AIIB: Opportunities for Enhancing FDI in South Asia

Implementation of China's Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (B&R) initiative and the advent of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) have redirected attention to infrastructure building in economic development.The domestically driven B&R policy is rewriting the geoeconomic and geopolitical map of Eurasia,while AIIB catalyzes a positive change in the dynamics of international development cooperation.They provide opportunities for South Asia which has economic potential but limited foreign investment inflow thus far.     

New Bright Spot in China＇s Diplomacy： Cooperation with Emerging Countries

The current world, experiencing fast changes, is in a crucialtransitional period of realignment immediate reason for such a change of various powers. The is that after decades of development, a group of developing countries represented by China have come into prominence to become new ＂emerging countries＂ with rising political and economic status in the world.     

Securing the New Silk Road

The renewed Chinese ambitions to develop trade along the different branches of the Silk Road bring several new traditional and non-traditional security challenges. The Chinese government has vowed to address them with new security concepts. Yet, these concepts might not be adequate to advance China’s security interests. Moreover, China seems to have difficulties overcoming the contradictions between different security interests: the quest for prosperity and the safeguarding of security; China’s economic aspirations and their consequence of becoming the largest economy; peaceful development and unification with Taiwan and the regain of lost territories; and the dilemma in the guiding diplomatic principles. As a result of these contradictions, Europe faces three uncertainties: How will the tensions in the Pacific develop? How will China seek to defend its interests along the New Silk Road? How will the tensions in the Pacific affect China’s behavior in the common Eurafrasian interface? These uncertainties bring about two more strategic choices for Europe: trying to continue its work with China along the Silk Road and balancing; prioritizing the huge challenges in the wedge of hardship and Europe’s immediate neighbourhood and responding calls to join the United States in its rebalancing to the Pacific. This will make it difficult to establish meaningful cooperation and to work towards burden sharing with the European Union at the other end of the Silk Road.     

全球视野之“一带一路”（英文）

正What is the Belt and Road Initiative?In September 2013 in Kazakhstan,Chinese President Xi Jinping first proposed countries work together to build a Silk Road Economic Belt.A month later in Indonesia,he further proposed to join hands with other countries to create a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.Connecting the two economic circles     

China-Central Asia ＂Twin-Track＂ Energy Cooperation

China＇s large-scale investment in Kazakh oil and gas resource development ushered in a new era of China-Kazakhstan bilateral trade in the late 1990s. This lifted cooperation between China and the five countries in Central Asia to a new level, opening the China-Central Asia energy channel and bringing the ＂Silk Road economic belt＂ into being. Central Asia and China＇s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, areas which are both abundant in renewable energy, should fully utilize their geopolitical advantages as neighbors by means of Xinjiang＇s rapid growth. Projecting a twin-track mechanism of developing both renewable and non-renewable energy resources is of great significance to both China and Central Asia.     

中国对外开放新格局与共建“一带一路”高质量发展（英文）

Guided by the new development philosophy, the high-quality development of Belt and Road cooperation has blazed a new path for China’s opening-up. By staying focused on development, facilitating mutual benefit and deepening connectivity, it is significant in building momentum for global and regional economic growth and narrowing the North-South gap. It is not only a booster for the transformative development of developing countries but also an important agenda that needs to be upheld over time to...     

“中国债务陷阱外交论”的发展及其谬误

In recent years,China has gained fruitful achievements in investment and infrastructure construction cooperation with countries along the proposed Belt and Road routes.At the same time,the West has begun to attack the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)with fallacies,of which“China’s debt-trap diplomacy”is a typical example.By putting the blame for the debt crisis of some developing countries on China,it tarnishes China’s international image and creates obstacles for the BRI.Therefore,it is particularly necessary to have a thorough understanding of the cause and effect of the“China’s debttrap diplomacy”narrative,to refute its erroneous nature and reveal the real root causes of the current debt crisis in many developing countries.     

U.S.-China Relations: A View from Europe

China is playing a crucial role in the Obama administration＇s attempt to build a ＂multi-partner world＂ based on cooperation and shared responsibilities. In light of the profound geo-economic transformations of 2008-2009, the United States has little choice but to strive for partnership, especially with the country that is Washington＇s major creditor. Obama＇s foreign policy approach, however, goes beyond a mere pragmatic adaptation to the new realities and constitutes a unique window of opportunity for the establishment of an unprecedented level of U.S.-China cooperation. From a European perspective, the positive evolution in U.S.-China cooperation has been welcomed as a key contribution to the resolution of the global problems confronting the planet. The European Union has nevertheless reacted with apprehension to the suggestions by American commentators for the creation of a U.S.-China ＂G-2＂. That issue was discussed at the EU-China Summit underlines the seriousness of the proposal and serves, in itself, as a significant indicator of the great transformation of intemational relations characterizing the years 2008-2009.     

CIIS President Su Ge Gives Lecture on Belt and Road Initiative

正Upon the invitation of the Hong Kong Maritime Silk Road Society,Dr.Su.Ge,President of China Institute of International Studies,gave a lecture on"The Belt and Road Initiative in International Perspective"in Hong Kong on January 23,2016.The lecture was presided over by Mrs.Regina IP LAU Suk Yee,Legislative Council Member and Co-Chair of Maritime Silk     

Silk Road Economic Belt： A Dynamic New Concept for Geopolitics in Central Asia

In the autumn of 2013 two notable opening-up and diplomatic initiatives were forthcoming from China. One was the concept of a ＂Silk Road Economic Belt＂ put forward by President Xi Jinping during his visit to the Central Asia, and the other was the convocation of the conference on the diplomatic work towards neighboring countries held in Beijing in October, which, due to the finalization of strategic objectives for China＇s diplomatic work towards neighboring countries in the next five to ten years, was of great significance to the realization of the two centenary goals laid down at the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ushering in a brand- new geopolitical situation in Central Asia.     

中国-巴西基础设施建设合作:进展、挑战与路径选择

In 2018,Chinese President Xi Jinping’s proposal to pursue innovative development and upgrade China’s cooperation with Latin American and Caribbean(LAC)states through the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)received warm responses from LAC countries.Brazil,as the foremost Latin American power and a member of BRICS,has been collaborating with China on a solid foundation and with tremendous prospects.To expand bilateral ties and transform the immense potential into a substantial development momentum,one necessary approach is to strengthen cooperation in infrastructure construction and enhance the level of interconnectivity.Infrastructure building is not only needed to reduce regional transportation costs and scale up economic interactions,but is also conducive to deepening the synergy of markets and industries and facilitating bilateral trade and investment.     

Abstract

Retrosvect of the International Situation in 2013,by DingYuanhong, former Chinese Ambassador to EU. In retrospect of the international situation in 2013, we can see that the general situation was still a complex and unrest one, which was characterized by the following aspects： the legacy of the global financial and economic crisis is apparent, as the economic recovery of the developed nations was weak, and the economic development of emerging economies and developing countries got slowdown, but the fiscal conditions of emerging economies and developing countries were still better than those of the developed nations; the Obama administration was deep in trouble with its credibility dropping, as the incident of ~＇prism＂ has caused further damage; the economy of EU was slumping, and EU as a whole was slowly declining, with an intensified internal contradiction and a lost future; new developments that would have long-term effects emerged from the Middle East turmoil; China has made significant achievements both in internal politics and diplomacy, which were taken as the brightest spots of the international situation in 2013.     

China-Australia Minerals and Energy Cooperation:Status Quo,New Features and Suggestions

Minerals and resources trade and investment play a pivotal role in economic and trade relations between China and Australia.In recent years,although China-Australia political relations have been at a low point,China?Australia minerals and energy cooperation has exhibited a different trend to that of political relations,and also from the engagement during previous periods.Minerals and energy trade has increased steadily,while investment is becoming more difficult,particularly for large projects.There has been a clear green transition in trade and investment in this functional area,and uncertainty has increased due to the influence of factors such as the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the shale gas revolution and China-US trade disputes.Because this is one of the pillars for economic growth for both countries,and for their trade and investment ties,and because of the importance of low-carbon transition,the free trade system,and global and regional governance,minerals and energy cooperation can serve as a platform for improving and promoting bilateral relations.It has been suggested that China should seize the opportunity to improve bilateral relations by deepening two-way investment,joining hands with Australia on developing more products in more areas,and with new cooperation models.This research will be significant for understanding the status quo of China-Australia cooperation in minerals and energy,and for improving bilateral relations,and even international energy governance.     

Prospects of Chinas Economic Cooperation with the Asia-Pacific

It＇s my great pleasure to attend the 22nd General Meeting of the PECC. The meeting is a grand regional convention bringing together people from the government, business and academia for deliberations on economic cooperation in the Asia-Paciflc region in 2014 and beyond. I would like to take this opportunity to look into the future of China＇s economic cooperation with the rest of the Asia- Pacific.     

＂Deindustrialization＂ and Sino-Brazilian Ties

After the global financial crisis broke out in 2008, major industrial economies became concerned about delndustrlahzation . The important roles that the industrial sector plays in creating jobs and ensuring intemational competitiveness began to be recognized again. The U.S. launched its policy of ＂re-industrialization＂ and Brazil published a plan to develop its industrial sector between 2011 and 2014. China＇s industrial sector has rapidly developed. ＂Deindustrialization＂ sparked widespread concern because it is connected with the global distribution of technological capability and the future global economic order. It is noteworthy that the U.S., Brazil and some other major economies partly blamed China for the problems that ＂deindustrialization＂ has caused and this has had an increasing effect on China＇ s relations with these countries. It reflects China＇ s problem as a new manufacturing power. In this article, the author analyzes those political and economic factors associated with ＂deindustrialization＂ and makes some suggestions for the Sino-Brazilian strategic partnership. In this way, the author explores some ideas on establishing a new type of big power relations.     

The Difficulties of Common Security: On the Need for Value Consensus as a Basis for International Security

The essence of international security is common security, which relies heavily on basic consensus on security concepts and strategies among nations. However, since the beginning of the 20 th century, such a consensus or value basis has become very “thin” as a result of the following four factors: the inception of the global international system along with its cultural diversity; the great changes in political, economic and military arenas; the rise of nationalism and popular politics; and the emergence of superpowers and their antagonistic ideologies. Within strategic culture, there is juxtaposition between confrontational culture and cooperative culture. In security concepts, people have different preferences for national, international or global security. In terms of security strategies, there exist several competing models such as hegemonic stability, balance of power and institutional cooperation. The primary aims of international security remain: avoiding major wars, maintaining the stability of the international system and safeguarding the integrity of the nations. There are two new challenges: promoting global economic justice to avoid any domestic or international conflicts caused by an imbalanced international economic order; and meeting the challenges of various non-conventional security issues affecting human life on a global scale. In an era of security interdependence, the international community must make joint efforts to rebuild the consensus on security in light of the fundamental values of common security and cooperative security, and to practice a truly “international” security strategy so as to break away from the security dilemmas inflicted by each nation’s reliance on its own self-help and competing “national” security strategy.     

International System and China＇s Asia-Pacific Strategy

What impact does a shift in the global distribution of power have on the international order？ According to the views of traditional realists, power transitions in the international order are usually accompanied by major wars, the best example being the two world wars of the twentieth century. China＇s peaceful rise is conducive to the peace and stability of Asia and Pacific regions. The steady rise of China＇s position and its role in dealing with international and regional problems have proved China＇s success in ＂cooperative security＂. This paper analyzes the security order in the Asia-Pacific region1 that China wants to construct to provide important guarantees to its peaceful rise. Firstly, I review and compare key arguments about the transition of international systems and China＇s Asia-Pacific strategy, Secondly, I investigate the dynamics between China＇s peaceful rise and the ＂cooperative security＂ which I think are the collective embodiments of modem transformation and the restructuring of China＇s traditional strategic culture. Thirdly, I examine how to construct a mechanism of cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region to guarantee China＇s peaceful rise on both political and economic levels. Economic cooperation and free trade in Asia-Pacific region is an important route to regional economic integrity which will guarantee China＇s role in maintaining the political and economic security in the region.     

Getting China Right： The Chinese World Order and Asia-Pacific Regional Integration

Is a rising China good for the stability and integration of the Asia-Pacific region？ The dominant point of view in the Western world is a resounding no. However, that realist point of view, based on the very different experiences of Europe, is not appropriate in the Asia-Pacific context. Area studies are a useful tool to achieve a better understanding of the Asia-Pacific situation. This paper attempts to prove that a rising China will be good for the stability and integration of the Asia-Pacific region through the lens of historical, economic and security analyses. First, history shows that once China is strong and stable, order of the Asia-Pacific region is preserved. Second, with China＇s economic cooperation with neighboring countries, especially after its entry into the World Trade Organization （WTO）, China＇s economic integration with the Asia-Pacific region has been enhanced. Third, regional security has been assured by a peaceful and strong China. Finally, the paper comes to the conclusion that a stable and strong China is beneficial for the overall stability and integration of the Asia-Pacific region.