Prospects for Sino-Russian Relations and China＇s National Interests in the Next Decade

The next 5-10 years will be a pivotal period in which China will implement its ＂ 11 th Five-Year Plan＂ and accelerate its construction of ＂ a moderately prosperous society.＂ It will also be an important period for Russia＇s resurgence. Sino-Russian relations are therefore facing new challenges and will be steadily developing. Under these new circumstances, clearly defining China＇s national interests in Sino-Russian relations will be an important prerequisite of ensuring the healthy and stable development of bilateral relations and of safeguarding China＇s peace and security. For the foreseeable future, China＇s national interests in Sino- Russian relations will be the further consolidation of mutual trust between the two countries and increasing Sino-Russian security cooperation so as to maintain peace and security in China ＇s northern border areas. As the two countries are both in a phase of social transformation, they can nevertheless learn from each other throughout this process. China will continue promoting diversity of cultures and the multi-polarization of world. China should also exploit Sino-Russian economic cooperation and try to frame a joint strategy with Russia in order to achieve common development and prosperity. Consequently, the two countries will be able to march forward side by side along the path of economic reforms and structural adjustment.＂ In the 21st Century, China and Russia not only need to maintain a good neighbor relationship and guarantee their joint security, but also build a closer cooperation in their common development.     

Impact of the Chinese Model in Africa

The Chinese model has a fairly big influence in Africa. Ever since reform and opening-up, China has been focusing on the central task of economic construction, which brought rapid economic growth, strengthening comprehensive national power, improving lives of the people and extending international influence. The success of the Chinese model has aroused much interest in the world, especially Africa, and produced positive effects. It is the outcome of a combination of several factors, such as the attraction of China＇s development, the impetus produced by that development and the appeal of China＇s friendly policies. Nevertheless, China is not going to sell its model and ultimately Africa has to carve out its own way of development.     

China's Grand Strategy Seen from the Report to the CPC 18th National Congress

Clash of Opinions
Opinions vary over the question： ＂Does Beijing have a strategy. Both affirmative and negative answers have been heard. Witness the arguments for and against. The pros point to Mao Zedong＇s Ping-Pong diplomacy that shook the world by moving a big ball with a small one; Deng Xiaoping＇s Theory on reform and opening up, as well as his Three-Stage Development Strategy; and China＇s adherence to the path of peaceful development. Any one of these can be regarded as a grand strategy. On the con side, however, comes this sarcastic retort.＇ Just look at how the Middle Kingdom is kept constantly on the run responding to emergencies in foreign affairs without any internal coordination to speak of or any systemic approach to turn to. Is this not an eloquent testimony to the lack of a grand strategy？ Echoing this view, the former Australian prime minister, Kevin Rudd, in his recent article,     

What Kind of Neighborhood Will China Build？

The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China＇s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development. 1 China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,     

The Role of Africa in China＇s Rise

Africa plays an important role in China＇s rise. Sino-African ties bolsters up Chinese influence. African enthusiasm for taking a leaf from China＇s experience to shake off poverty has boosted China＇s soft power. Africa defends China as a responsible partner against Western slander of practicing neocolonialism. Africa provides China with the driving force for sustainable development. Africa supports China＇s national unification and demonstrates political solidarity with China. In recent years Africa＇s success in enhancing collective strength through deepening solidarity has won admiration and respect. Its strategic status is on a steady rise. It is our sincere hope that Africa will walk on the road of prosperity as soon as possible.     

＂Deindustrialization＂ and Sino-Brazilian Ties

After the global financial crisis broke out in 2008, major industrial economies became concerned about delndustrlahzation . The important roles that the industrial sector plays in creating jobs and ensuring intemational competitiveness began to be recognized again. The U.S. launched its policy of ＂re-industrialization＂ and Brazil published a plan to develop its industrial sector between 2011 and 2014. China＇s industrial sector has rapidly developed. ＂Deindustrialization＂ sparked widespread concern because it is connected with the global distribution of technological capability and the future global economic order. It is noteworthy that the U.S., Brazil and some other major economies partly blamed China for the problems that ＂deindustrialization＂ has caused and this has had an increasing effect on China＇ s relations with these countries. It reflects China＇ s problem as a new manufacturing power. In this article, the author analyzes those political and economic factors associated with ＂deindustrialization＂ and makes some suggestions for the Sino-Brazilian strategic partnership. In this way, the author explores some ideas on establishing a new type of big power relations.     

Spatial Economic Hubs and State Power

The paper seeks to analyze the rise of state power in the light of spatial economic shifts and examines the historical context of China＇s rise and challenges facing it. In world history, only countries that were spatial economic hubs have been able to enjoy prosperity over centuries. China is not yet such a country, despite its persistent efforts. Nor is China likely to become an economic hub in the foreseeable future. China is under mounting pressure from new economic demands posed by shifts in the geo-economic status of the U.S.. The fact that the global economy thrives along coastlines also causes problems for China, a country with a long coastline and a vast hinterland, creating rifts between northern and southern China, central and local governments, and different provinces. All these factors might well hinder China＇s development in the future.     

Has Latin America Become China＇s Backyard？

＂Latin America has become China＇s backyard＂ was a new idea espoused recently by Mr. Tim Johnson, a correspondent of the United States. This concept at once became a central topic of interest for the American press, Chinese newspapers as well as the international media. Has Latin America become China＇s backyard？ Is there any ground for skepticism about the China-Latin America relationship？ Does China have the intention or capacity to challenge the U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere？ How should China interact with the U.S. in that region？ These are the fresh issues that require removal of misunderstanding between China and the U.S.     

The Clash in Public Opinion between Europe and China： What, How and Why

Recent years have seen a tension between Europe and China in public opinion, which began in 2006 and climaxed in 2008 when the Tibet riots and the Beijing Olympics put China under the global spotlight. Europeans and Chinese view each other more negatively than in ＂the good old days＂ and there is a growing perception gap regarding the Chinese government. The media （including the Internet） and public opinion leaders （scholars, human rights activists, dissidents, politicians and diplomats） have played a part in causing this both in Europe and in China, and this paper examines their roles. This paper also identifies three reasons behind the clash of viewpoints： First, lack of common values has exacerbated Europe＇s fear of a rising China; second, both Europe and China use this hostility to help redefine their self-identity; third, different development needs in China and Europe have nurtured very different mindsets. In the future, the European public＇s interest in China will continue to grow and Europe＇s and China＇s perceptions of each other will gradually stabilize. In the long run, whether Europe will accept a rising China depends on China＇s ability to develop a ＂Chinese thinking＂ which suits both China＇s and the world＇s development needs.     

China-Europe Cooperation for the Development of Africa：Concepts and Policies

In recent years, the growth of China＇s economy and the elevation of China-Africa relations have caused complex changes in China＇s relations with the outside world. The rapid development of China-Africa relations is a showcase for the development process of Asia and Africa, through which we can see that both Asia and Africa are revitalizing and a new world is taking shape     

The "Belt and Road" Initiative:A Chinese Concept for Global Development

China's "Belt and Road" initiative is emerging as the Western-dominated world order is declining.Capitalism has intensified the rich-poor divide and power politics have led to great upheavals.Western values have caused a "value dislocation" for non-Western countries.The world is calling for new development concepts.The "Belt and Road"initiative has emerged as an answer.It embodies China's ideas on global development.First,it works for the "common prosperity" of every country,which will ease contradictions between the South and the North.Second,it emphasizes geo-economic integration that will heal the fragmentation of Eurasia.Third,it advocates linkages between people and inclusiveness to create a new kind of civilization.However,many difficulties and challenges lie ahead for the implementation of the "Belt and Road" initiative.     

东北老工业基地产业集聚的影响因素分析

世界上绝大多数的产业集聚是在市场机制作用下逐步自发形成的,而东北老工业基地由于体制机制等方面的原因,自发形成的很少,且大部分是在政府主导下形成的。因此,学术界对该地区制造业集聚的研究一直游离于产业集聚理论与实证研究之外。地级市级以上为研究的地理单位,运用主成分回归方法对东北老工业基地产业集聚影响因素进行分析,以期寻求东北地区经济发展内在动力和外部资源有机结合的制度路径。     

美印战略关系中的中国因素

中国因素在美印战略关系发展中发挥了至关重要的作用,中国国力的日益强盛和战略崛起被美、印双方分别视为是对其霸权图谋及大国梦想的一种威胁。基于此,中国应当重视印美关系所带来的各种风险,包括中印关系不确定性的增加、中印陷入"安全困境"的可能性以及中国经济发展的挑战加大等,同时还应居安思危,从政治、经济和文化等多方面采取措施化解这些风险。     

Prospects for Sino-Russian Relations and China''s National Interests in the Next Decade

The next 5-10 years will be a pivotal period in which China will implement its "11th Five-Year Plan" and accelerate its construction of "a moderately prosperous society." It will also be an important period for Russia's resurgence. Sino-Russian relations are therefore facing new challenges and will be steadily developing. Under these new circumstances, clearly defining China's national interests in Sino-Russian relations will be an important prerequisite of ensuring the healthy and stable development of bilateral relations and of safeguarding China's peace and security. For the foreseeable future, China's national interests in Sino-Russian relations will be the further consolidation of mutual trust between the two countries and increasing Sino-Russian security cooperation so as to maintain peace and security in China's northern border areas. As the two countries are both in a phase of social transformation, they can nevertheless learn from each other throughout this process. China will continue promoting diversity of cultures and the multi-polarization of world. China should also exploit Sino-Russian economic cooperation and try to frame a joint strategy with Russia in order to achieve common development and prosperity. Consequently, the two countries will be able to march forward side by side along the path of economic reforms and structural adjustment." In the 21st Century, China and Russia not only need to maintain a good neighbor relationship and guarantee their joint security, but also build a closer cooperation in their common development.Studies, China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations.     

百年变局与世纪疫情下的中国外交：为国家担当 对世界尽责（英文）

2020 is a watershed in human history, a milestone in China's national development, and a groundbreaking year for China's external relations. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the diplomatic front, by fighting the novel coronavirus and the "political virus" at the same time, has made new contributions to safeguarding national interests and global stability.     

论日本对中国东北地区的移民侵略──日本军国主义侵略本质的新视角

伪满14年期间,日本策划并实施了对中国东北的移民侵略,其政策是通过“移民计划大纲”、派遣“试验移民”及“百万户移民计划”来进行的。日本移民政策的形成过程、各种类型的移民活动及通过国家与民间的管理机构对进入中国东北移民的管理,是为了把日本移民组织成武装集团,监视和镇压当地人民,以达到其长期侵占中国东北的目的。     

朝鲜IT产业管窥

在全球信息化大潮的冲击下 ,没有一个国家能够置身于信息化的发展之外。为挽救经济和建设“强盛大国” ,朝鲜政府给予IT产业很多政策扶持。朝鲜IT产业的发展总体上处于较低的水平 ,但在某些方面如软件开发上具有较强的竞争能力。中国IT企业应该通过软件合作开发等形式早日进军朝鲜市场。     

论中国海洋史上的两次发展机遇与丧失的原因

宋元时期和明末清初,是中国海洋发展史上的两次发展机遇,但分别被明清政府所扼杀。东南沿海商民的海外开拓,在极端专制的明清政府看来,是游离于朝廷控制的不安定因素,必须予以打击。郑和则是实施明初海外政策的执行者,其结果是中国背向海洋,毁灭了宋元时期中国走向海洋大国的机遇。郑芝龙海商集团的崛起是中国海洋发展史上的第二次机遇。但满清入主中原后,建立同样的极端专制统治,基本上继承明代的内外政策,葬送了明末清初中国海洋发展的第二次机遇。在明清数百年东南沿海商民面向海洋和朝廷背向海洋的抗争中,强大的中央政权都是最后的胜利者。     

中国能源外交历史与新时代特征

新中国成立70年来,能源外交已成为中国整体外交的重要组成部分。根据政策内容的不同,可将1949—2012年的能源外交划分为阵营外交、产业"走出去"、开拓石油进口来源、推动全面合作四个阶段。党的十八大后,中国能源外交开创引领能源革命进入新时代,呈现诸多新特点,包括以"四个革命、一个合作"战略为指引、与油气出口国构建能源命运共同体、促进清洁能源发展、推动"一带一路"产能合作和加强全球能源治理。回顾历史,中国能源外交形成一系列优良传统和鲜明特色。面对复杂局势,中国能源外交应积极谋划全球范围内高效的、可承担的海外利益保护体系,加强对外合作机制建设,系统筹划推进全球能源革命战略,打造能源大外交格局。     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.