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排序方式: 共有120条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
目的研究曲马多在中毒家兔体内死后分布规律,为曲马多中毒检材采取提供实验依据。方法家兔经口给予10倍LD50曲马多,待家兔死亡后迅速解剖取样,气相色谱/质谱联用和气相色谱-FTD法测定其体液、脏器、大脑及右上肢和右下肢肌肉中曲马多的含量,比较其变化规律。结果血液和肝脏中曲马多的最低检出限分别为0.05μg/mL和0.05μg/g,提取回收率为97.60%±0.65%~103.10%±1.24%。曲马多在家兔体内的死后分布为:肾〉胃〉肝〉脾〉肺〉脑〉心〉上肢肌肉〉下肢肌肉〉〉体液(尿〉胆汁、心血〉玻璃体液)。结论大剂量曲马多中毒致死后在体内分布不均匀,组织中曲马多含量明显高于心血、胆汁等体液。 相似文献
42.
Hirozumi Okuda MD Hidetada Fukushima MD PhD Tomoaki Nakatsukasa MD Koji Yamamoto MD Asuka Kaizaki-Mitsumoto PhD Satoshi Numazawa PhD Yoshito Kamijo MD PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2024,69(1):351-354
Nerium oleander is an ornamental evergreen shrub belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The Apocynaceae family includes the attractive evergreen shrub known as oleander. The cardiotoxic glycoside, oleandrin, is present in all portions of the common oleander plant. Oleander consumption can result in deadly situations accidentally or as a suicide attempt. After consuming kettle-boiled oleander leaf extract as part of a suicide attempt, an 80-year-old man was discovered comatose in his home and taken to our emergency room. The patient's heart rate was 30 beats per minute, and he had hypotension. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed remarkable metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia (K: 7.7 mEq/L). An electrocardiogram showed a wide QRS wave, similar to a sine curve. The patient collapsed following cardiac arrest soon after hospital arrival. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated; however, the patient eventually died. The serum level of oleandrin at hospital arrival, subsequently measured by LC–MS/MS, was found to be 33.4 ng/mL, far above the levels reported in previous fatal cases. 相似文献
43.
Luigi Papi M.D. Silvio Chericoni Ph.D. Francesco Bresci M.D. Mario Giusiani Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(2):552-555
We describe a case of an acute lethal poisoning with hydrocarbons resulting from massive accidental inhalation of gasoline vapors. The victim, a 50‐year‐old man was found unconscious inside a control room for the transport of unleaded fuel. Complete autopsy was performed and showed evidence of congestion and edema of the lungs. Toxicological investigation was therefore fundamental to confirm exposure to fumes of gasoline. Both venous and arterial blood showed high values of volatiles in particular for benzene (39.0 and 30.4 μg/mL, respectively), toluene (23.7 and 20.4 μg/mL), and xylene isomers (29.8 and 19.3 μg/mL). The relatively low values found in the lungs are consistent with the fact that the subject, during the rescue, underwent orotracheal intubation followed by resuscitation techniques, while the low concentrations for all substances found in urine and kidneys could point to a death that occurred in a very short time after first contact with the fumes of gasoline. 相似文献
44.
Vassiliki A. Boumba Ph.D. Minas Georgiadis M.D. Nikolae Mirescu M.D. Theodore Vougiouklakis M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(2):425-431
In this retrospective study, we report the epidemiological characteristics of all poisoning deaths in Epirus, Greece, from 1998 to 2010; we present the toxicological findings and the statistical evaluation of the results. This is the first detailed scientific report on all the officially certified poisoning deaths concerning part of the Greek population. A total of 126 poisoning fatalities were recorded, 67 of them being mono‐intoxications (53.2%). The cause of poisoning was as follows: drugs of abuse (60%); carbon monoxide (19.8%); pesticides (9.5%); corrosives (4.8%); pharmaceuticals (4.8%); and spider bite (0.8%). The most frequently detected poisonous substances were as follows: heroin (65 cases), ethanol (55), benzodiazepines (42), carbon monoxide (25), cocaine (17), cannabinoids (17) and pesticides (12). Increasing tendency in poisoning death rates was recorded, due to an increase in accidental poisoning deaths attributed mainly to drugs of abuse (total, accidental, and drugs‐of‐abuse poisoning death rates per 100,000 inhabitants per year were 1.87, 1.19, and 0.79, respectively, in the period 1998–2002 and 3.97, 3.41, and 2.55, respectively, in the period 2007–2010). 相似文献
45.
Junko Fujihara Ph.D. Hiroshi Kinoshita M.D. Ph.D. Naoko Tanaka B.S. Toshihiro Yasuda Ph.D. Haruo Takeshita M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(4):1047-1049
The measurement of blood carboxyhemoglobin (CO‐Hb) is important to determine the cause of death. The AVOXimeter 4000 (AVOX), a portable CO‐oximeter, has the advantages of a low purchase price and operating cost, ease of operation, and rapid results. Little information is available on the usefulness of AVOX in the forensic sample, and the previous study investigated only six samples. Therefore, in this study, we confirmed the usefulness of the AVOX through a comparison of its re s ults with data previously obtained using the double wavelength spectrophotometric method in autopsies. Regression analysis was performed between CO‐Hb levels measured by the AVOX and those measured by the conventional double wavelength spectrophotometric method in postmortem blood samples: a significant correlation was observed. This study suggests the usefulness of the AVOX to analyze postmortem blood, and the AVOX is suitable for routine forensic analysis and can be applied at the crime scene. 相似文献
46.
Cédric Mazoyer M.Sc. Jérémy Carlier M.Sc. Alexandra Boucher Pharm.D. Michel Péoc'h M.D. Ph.D. Catherine Lemeur Pharm.D. Yvan Gaillard Pharm.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(6):1666-1672
We report the case of a man who died twelve hours after ingesting powdered iboga root, commonly taken for its stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. Ibogaine and ibogamine were quantified in the powder ingested and the victim's body fluids by GC‐MS/MS after liquid–liquid extraction (Toxi‐tubes A®). The concentrations of ibogaine measured in the blood samples taken at the scene and in the peripheral blood, urine, and gastric fluid samples taken during the autopsy were 0.65, 1.27, 1.7, and 53.5 μg/mL, while the iboga content in the powder was 7.2%. Moreover, systematic toxicological analyses of biological samples showed the presence of diazepam and methadone in therapeutic concentrations. Death was attributed to the ingestion of a substantial quantity of iboga in the context of simultaneous methadone and diazepam consumption. 相似文献
47.
48.
目的观察大鼠急性八角莲中毒后主要器官的病理形态学改变,探讨急性八角莲中毒的作用机制及其对靶器官、靶组织的损伤影响。方法随机将40只SD大鼠,分为3个实验组(0.5、1.0和2.0倍LD50剂量的八角莲水煎剂灌胃)和1个对照组(1.0倍LD50剂量的生理盐水灌胃)。大鼠在八角莲急性染毒后14d处死,解剖取脑、心、肝、肺、肾,样品经组织病理学处理后,光镜和电镜下观察大鼠主要器官病理形态学改变。实验数据采用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果光镜观察结果:神经元胞质疏松,大部分尼氏小体消失;心肌细胞肿胀,润盘及横纹结构消失;肝细胞水肿、气球样变;肾近曲小管上皮细胞肿胀,管腔内见蛋白质样红色淡染物质。电镜观察结果:神经元细胞膜及核膜结构破坏,胞质明显水肿,细胞器大多已破坏、消失。急性染毒后4组大鼠死亡率随着剂量的增加而增高(P0.05)。结论急性八角莲中毒可引起多器官病理形态学改变,其毒性作用与剂量呈正相关性,且主要靶组织、靶器官为脑(神经元)、心、肝和肾。 相似文献
49.
A Rare Case of Poisoning with a Volatile Substance: Quantitative Determination of n‐Butane in Postmortem Tissue 下载免费PDF全文
Jean Hiquet M.D. Emilie Christin M.D. Florence Tovagliaro M.D. Jean‐Michel Gaulier Pharm.D. Ph.D. Veronique Dumestre‐Toulet Pharm.D. Ph.D. Sophie Gromb‐Monnoyeur M.D. J.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):549-552
Poisoning with volatile substances remains exceptional. Authors report the case of a married couple who were found in a car with a butane gas bottle: the woman was dead and her husband alleged it was an unsuccessful suicide pact. A specific research of volatile substances on postmortem samples with headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry following a quantitative determination was performed. The n‐butane concentrations detected were composed of 610 μg/L (cardiac blood), 50 μg/kg (brain), 134 μg/kg (lungs), 285 μg/kg (liver), and 4090 μg/kg (heart) and were compatible with the rare lethal concentrations evoked in the literature. The cause of death was determined to be asphyxiation through n‐butane criminal poisoning. Authors recommendation therefore is to take samples immediately and place them in properly sealed containers and hence analyzing the samples as soon as possible after collecting them or storing them under ?30°C (?22°F) if analyses cannot be performed immediately. 相似文献
50.
Profile of Hospital Admissions due to Self‐Inflicted Harm in Los Angeles County from 2001 to 2010 下载免费PDF全文
Shahrzad Bazargan‐Hejazi Ph.D. Alireza Ahmadi M.D. Ph.D. Mohsen Bazargan Ph.D. Elham Rahmani M.D. Deyu Pan M.S. Golara Zahmatkesh M.D. Stacey Teruya Ed.D. M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1244-1250
We aimed to describe the demographic profile of self‐inflicted harm (SIH) in Los Angeles County between 2001 and 2010 and to investigate trends over this 10‐year period. We used the California Hospital Discharge Data to investigate all cases of hospital admission due to SIH, including suicide attempts and if they had a concurrent psychiatric diagnosis based on ICD‐9 codes. African‐Americans (AA) had the highest 10‐year SIH admission rates. SIH admission rates remained steady throughout the 10‐year study period. Median age of SIH was significantly lower in Latinos. Episodic mood disorders were the most common psychiatric comorbidity. The use of solid/liquid poisoning was the most common SIH method among all racial/ethnic groups. We found major disparities in SIH admissions across racial/ethnic subgroups. The importance of programs to identify, prevent, and treat SIH in these groups is discussed. 相似文献