DNA双股螺旋结构与迅猛发展的法庭科学——纪念人类DNA双股螺旋结构发现50周年

自1953年Watson和Crick发表DNA双股螺旋结构,它为人类生命科学,尤其是法庭科学的发展带来了历史性的变化。法庭科学从个体识别和亲子鉴定的排除到认定,经历了DNA指纹图、AMP-FLP及SNP的3个阶段。同时线粒体DNA的应用也在广泛开展。另外数据库的建设和完善成为法庭科学的发展方向。总之,DNA双股螺旋结构对法庭科学革命性变化起了决定性的作用。     

Reintegrating seriously violent and personality-disordered offenders from a supermaximum security institution into the general offender population

Offenders who have committed serious violent acts while incarcerated are often segregated and housed in supermaximum security facilities. Given the highly restricted regime under which they are detained, it is often difficult to decide if they are safe enough to be discharged. However, there is a need to reintegrate them into the general offender population in a lower security institution for humane, correctional, and financial reasons. We propose a transitional strategy to facilitate their reintegration by way of a maximum-security step-down treatment-oriented facility within which both their security requirements and treatment needs could be adequately met. The present study reports the results of such an approach. More than 80% of the offenders (n = 31) were reintegrated into a lower-security facility without relapsing and being returned to the supermaximum institutions within a follow-up period of 20 months. They also have lower institutional offense rate postreintegration compared to prereintegration.     

工具理性与中国传统文化的现代化

构成西方现代性主要内涵的工具理性,促发了科学与技术的繁荣和昌盛。当前中国现代化最主要的也是最急需的就是科学与技术的大发展,这一点在文化层面上就表现为工具理性的缺失和弘扬,中国传统文化的现代化必须工具理性化。     

浅论马丁·布伯的关系哲学——兼谈如何面对“文化冲突”

马丁·布伯在《我与你》中提出了人生与世界具有两重性：一是“为我们所用的世界”．一是“我们与之相遇的世界”．他用“我-它”公武称谓前者．用“我-你”公武称谓后者。他强调“我-你”关系的直接性、相互性和之间、相遇．并从“我-你”关系出发．重新去认知和理解世界。布怕的思想对于冷战后不同文化间越演越烈的冲突来说．仍有不可低估的现实意义。     

大学生关于同性恋群体态度的实证研究

研究旨在探讨大学生关于同性恋群体外显态度与内隐态度之间的联系与差异,为进一步改善同性恋生存现状奠定理论基础。研究采用问卷调查法对257名大学生进行外显态度的调查,采用内隐联想测验对内隐态度进行测验。结果显示大学生对于同性恋群体的态度在外显态度上表现得更为接纳,而在内隐态度方面人们较为排斥,即实际上人们对于这一群体仍持有负性态度。     

THE ROAD FROM ADDICTION RECOVERY TO PRODUCTIVITY: ENDING DISCRIMINATION AGAINST PEOPLE WITH ALCOHOL AND DRUG PROBLEMS

People with alcohol or other drug problems face discriminatory public and private policies that restrict their access to appropriate health care, employment, and public benefits, discouraging them from seeking treatment, robbing them of hope for recovery, and costing society millions of dollars. Join Together, a project of Boston University School of Public Health, formed a national policy panel in the spring of 2002 to address this discrimination. The panelists developed the two principles and ten recommendations contained in this report, relying principally upon the written and oral testimony they received. Join Together was assisted in this effort by the American Bar Association's (ABA) Standing Committee on Substance Abuse, which facilitated the panel's initial hearing at the ABA's Annual Meeting in August 2002.