INTRODUCING PERSPECTIVES IN FAMILY LAW AND SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

This article provides an editorial introduction to the following three related articles on the growing use and influence of social science research in family law. It first considers why this has become problematic and identifies some common strategies used by advocates, sometimes under the guise of scholarship, to destroy the standing of research findings contrary to their ideological or political position. Then it discusses briefly the remedies proposed to mitigate these kinds of problems within the following three articles.     

Passport to Parenthood: Reproductive Pathways In and Out of Denmark

Denmark has become a destination for single women, lesbians, and heterosexual couples wanting donated sperm. At the moment, women from Sweden, Norway, Germany, Italy, and the UK travel to Denmark. Simultaneously, waiting lists for donated eggs and age restrictions are prime motivations for infertile Danish women and heterosexual couples to leave Denmark and travel to Spain, the Czech Republic, the Ukraine, and Greece for egg donation. Informed by Donna Haraway’s notion of “the apparatus of bodily production”, Marcia Inhorn’s development of “reproductive flows”, and the use of Adele Clarke’s “situational analysis”, this paper explores the question: How do global reproductive pathways in and out of Denmark emerge when fertility travellers narrate, negotiate, and cross national borders to go through fertility treatment? Methodologically, we use a multi-sited and multi-modal approach centring on interviews with fertility travellers moving to and from Denmark in combination with ethnographic observations carried out in Danish and Spanish fertility clinics and an analysis of legal regulations. The paper concludes by discussing how the concept of reproductive pathways helps to theorize transnational movements of bodies and contributes to feminist scholarship on transnational reproductive travel.     

新时期高校奖学金激励机制研究

激励是管理中一项十分重要的内容,随着我国高等教育已由精英教育过渡到大众化教育,由各高校大规模扩招使得学生学习积极性呈现明显下降,而且随着经济危机等社会因素,学生间的竞争越发激烈,这二者之间的矛盾显得越发突出,如何有效激发学生学习积极性成为高等教育亟待解决的问题。建立与优化高校激励机制,充分挖掘学生的积极性、创造性,使得高校的资源能够充分利用,提高高等教育的效能,是本文研究的切入点。     

晚清学术与经世思潮

经世致用是儒学的传统。在晚清学术史上,无论是治今文经学的魏源,还是力主宋学的曾国藩,或是兼宗汉宋的张之洞;不论是强调公羊学的康有为,还是宗师汉学的章太炎,他们都踏上了经世之途,顺应了近代中国社会发展的要求,促成了晚清经世思潮的兴起。     

“理性”抑或“怀疑”:英美证据思想的“世纪之争”

对是否能够运用证据证明事实的回答不同,将英美证据法学划分为两大基本派别:理性主义与怀疑主义。理性主义认为,可以而且应当运用证据证明事实,这是人类理性的直接表现。而怀疑主义认为,不可能或很难运用证据证明事实。由此,积极建设性的理性主义与消极解构性的怀疑主义萦绕纠缠,形成了证据法学发展的世纪争论,这些争论使证据法学领域不再中心化、霸权化,而是走向多元。     

国学考据学的证据法研究及展望——从一重证据法到四重证据法

本文论述人类学对传统的国学方法之开拓与更新:文学人类学和历史人类学作为现代以来的人文研究新范式。在方法论上与国学考据学相对接,经历了从 20 世纪初期的二重证据说,到 90 年代的三重证据说,人类学视野与方法的介入给国学带来的格局变化;再到 21 世纪初的四重证据说,描述跨学科潮流影响之下的文化整合认知范式出现及其意义,侧重在古史研究方面,梳理出从信古、疑古、释古到立体释古的四阶段发展演变轨迹。对立体释古范式的现阶段应用实践及其前景,结合人类学中新兴的物质文化研究和新史学发展潮流,作出学术评估与展望。     

华人政治文化和关于马来世界的华人学术著作

中国和马来世界相互关系的重要事实是:他们保持了至少1 500年虽反复无常但基本良好的贸易关系,以及随后一个世纪的不信任和疏远。中国和各个马来国家的政治文化转变对这种关系的转变产生了决定性的影响,这些都反映在华人的学术著作中。也许我们可以指望,在新的条件和情况下,中国和马来世界将能找到新的出发点来重建一种持续稳定的关系。     

我国大学教学学术发展的观念性障碍

当下,"信奉教学学术"、"让教学成为学术"是保障和提升我国大学教学质量的理想诉求。然而,大学教学的学术性在实践中却难以彰显。我国大学教学学术实践正面临着诸多障碍,如制度性障碍、观念性障碍等,其中观念性障碍是根本。从历史和现实的角度看,我国大学教学学术性实践所面临的观念性障碍主要体现于两大层面:基于高深学问的大学传统观念和基于儒家学问的中国传统文化。其中,前者是共性障碍,后者是个性障碍。     

Scottish parliamentary record scholarship in the devolution era

In 1707 Scotland’s parliament ceased to exist. Yet it has since been the subject of two monumental acts of record scholarship; the Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland (1814-1875) in the nineteenth century and the Records of the Parliaments of Scotland (2007) in the twenty-first. Using the first of these as a touchstone, this article examines the ways in which the records of the pre-1707 parliament are presented, positioned and interpreted in the second. Unlike the nineteenth-century edition, which was produced in an era when adherence to the 1707 Act of Union with England went all but unquestioned, the twenty-first-century version was created during a period of constitutional devolution amidst a national debate over the question of independence from the United Kingdom. Approaching this new edition of parliamentary records as a cultural product, shaped and informed by the context in which it was created, therefore enables us to learn much about how the relationship between history and national identity in Scotland has changed since its predecessor was published. From there, the article questions the assumption that present-day understandings of Scottish identity are primarily civic and forward-looking, and argues that they are in fact partly based on claims which, whether secessionist or devolutionist, are fundamentally historical.