Population data for Central Portugal population with NGM amplification kit

The purpose of this work was to establish frequencies and population statistic parameters for Central Portugal population using NGM amplification kit as well as carry out a comparative study with other population groups.     

Marital Satisfaction and Marital Discord as Risk Markers for Intimate Partner Violence: A Meta-analytic Review

A meta-analysis investigating the relationship between marital satisfaction/discord and intimate partner violence (IPV) in heterosexual relationships was conducted with 32 articles. Overall, a small-to-moderate effect size (r = −0.27) indicated a significant and negative relationship existed between marital satisfaction/discord and IPV. Moderator analyses found no differences between effect size based on construct examined (discord or satisfaction). However, the magnitudes of observed effect sizes were influenced by other moderator variables, including the use of standardized versus non-standardized measures, gender of the offender and victim, role in the violence (perpetrator versus victim), and sample type (clinical versus community). The data suggests that gender is an especially important moderator variable in understanding the relationship between marital satisfaction/discord and IPV.     

指印生物遗传标记检验的研究现状与展望

综述了血指印和汗潜指印生物遗传标记的研究历史和现状,指印DNA检验面临的问题,包括现场污染,显现剂的影响,载体的影响等,并对指印DNA在法医学中的应用前景进行了展望。     

A simple and inexpensive molecular method for sexing and identification of the forensic samples of elephant origin

The population of the Asian elephant is being dramatically reduced due to poaching of the ivory from the male. As poaching occurs in remote forests, it often takes weeks or longer for it to be discovered and it is therefore often very difficult to determine the sex of the decomposed body. Data suggest that in the recent past, over 2000 male elephants have been poached in South India. We have developed a technique based on molecular markers to determine that the carcass is an elephant and that it is a male. Using DNA sequence information from Genbank, we have developed two primer pairs: one for the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the other for the sex-determining region of Y chromosome (SRY) gene of the Indian elephant. After PCR amplification of known elephant DNA, we found that the mtDNA was common in both males and females, whereas the SRY-specific amplicon was observed only in the male.     

性染色体及线粒体DNA遗传标记的法医学应用

对性染色体及线粒体DNA的结构特征、遗传特征等相关基础知识及其遗传标记在法医学领域应用的研究进展等进行了综述,分析了上述各类遗传标记在法医学领域应用的利弊,以促进非常染色体DNA遗传标记在法医学实践中的应用。     

Update of aims population data and test with the genogeographer admixture module

Individuals from Slovenia, Greece, Albania, and Eritrea were typed with the Precision ID Ancestry Panel and included among GenoGeographer’s nine reference populations (Sub-Saharan Africa, Horn of Africa, North Africa, Middle East, Europe, South/Central Asia, East Asia, and East and West Greenland). We tested the performance of GenoGeographer with the Admixture Module on AIM profiles of 3548 individuals assumed to belong to one of the reference populations. A total of 3387 (95.5 %) profiles were assigned to one or more of the reference populations, either a single population or an admixture of two or more populations, while 161 (4.5 %) profiles were not assigned to any reference population or admixtures thereof. For 1486 AIM profiles with no reference population of origin in GenoGeographer, the rejection rate was more than 70 % for AIM profiles from North and South America and less than 20 % for those from Central, North, and Northeast Asia.     

An Assessment of the Utility of Universal and Specific Genetic Markers for Opium Poppy Identification

Abstract: The proper identification of illicit plants such as Papaver somniferum L (opium poppy) is important for law enforcement agencies. The identification of opium poppy was presently tested using 10 genetic markers that are universal for all plants or specific to a few poppy plants. The genetic distances of universal markers such as nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 18S rRNA, plastid rbcL, and trnL‐trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) of 14 species included in the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae family were acquired by sequence comparisons. Both the ITS region and trnL‐trnF IGS showed high levels of interspecific divergence. Six Papaver genera‐specific markers were developed from coding regions involved in morphine biosynthesis. Three markers (TYDC, NCS, and BBE) produced amplicons only in opium poppy, providing a presence/absence test for opium poppy, while three additional markers (CYP80B1, SAT, and COR) were genus specific. These 10 markers might be useful for the forensic DNA analysis of opium poppy.     

Generating data with sexual offenders using qualitative material: A paradigm to complement not compete with quantitative methodology

This paper proposes triangulation as a research strategy in which the domain of sexual offending may be assessed using both qualitative and quantitative data. Examples of studies that have employed this approach with sexual offenders are outlined, showing the benefit that can be gained from utilizing multiple methods of assessment. The paper also outlines a range of quality criteria when conducting qualitative research, that Gaskell and Bauer (2000) argue are functional equivalents of reliability and validity.     

Chimerism analysis using next generation sequencing

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the predominant curative treatment for many malignant and non-malignant haematological diseases. Early detection of graft rejection and disease relapse following HSCT improves patient outcomes by allowing treatment to be initiated as quickly as possible. In order to evaluate the level of donor engraftment, mixed chimerism levels must be carefully monitored after transplantation. Short-tandem repeat (STR) genotyping is widely used to determine the proportions of donor and recipient cells after HSCT.In this study, Devyser Chimerism NGS kit in combination with a MiSeq System was introduced in our laboratory for monitoring HSCT. This system is a complete workflow solution for labs, combining a reliable testing process with a designed for-purpose analytical software. Up to 24 informative markers in a recipient/donor pair distributed through the human genome have strong discriminative power with low bias from ethnic parameters. These IND/DEL genetic markers with population independent discriminative power are distributed across 17 chromosomes and were further selected to allow sensitive detection combined with accurate and precise quantification of mixed chimerism.Streamlined, simple and robust NGS workflow uses just one multiplex PCR reaction per patient sample. Minimal hands-on time reduces assay complexity and risk of sample contamination and mix-up. User-friendly, designed-for-purpose software perfectly complements testing kit with an automatic detection of informative markers.Insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphisms have been used in the fields of forensic investigations owing to the advantages of their low mutation rates, widespread distributions in the human genome and small amplicon sizes. Thus, forensic efficiency evaluation of this system for forensic individual identification will be also tested.     

豚鼠低温死亡血清生化指标的分析

目的检测低温死亡豚鼠的血清生化指标的变化情况,并分析其变化规律,为利用生化指标推断低温死亡提供一定的参考。方法 20只豚鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组置于-30℃左右环境下至死亡,对照组置于25℃左右环境下,经相应时间后再断颈处死。分别提取右心血血清,使用生化仪对一系列血清生化指标进行检测。结果相较于对照组,低温死亡豚鼠血清中葡萄糖、尿酸、肌酐及尿素氮含量升高(P0.05),总蛋白和白蛋白含量降低(P0.05),而其他指标如血清酶和血清离子等则无明显变化。结论低温死亡下的血清生化指标的变化存在一定的特征性,有望在低温死亡原因推断中起到辅助鉴定作用。