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汗潜指印的STR分型检测 总被引:11,自引:6,他引:5
目的探索汗潜指印的荧光STR复合扩增检测的方法。方法采用Chelex-100和Microco-100浓缩柱,提取汗潜指印中DNA,STR复合扩增荧光电泳检测。结果 105例汗潜指纹STR分型可明确判读5个以上基因座的占30.3%,个体之间的差异、捺印指印时用力大小以及指印遗留在客体上时间的长短均影响检测成功率。结论该汗潜指印的DNA提取方法步骤简单,方法较为稳定,使单枚汗潜指印可望获得DNA分型。 相似文献
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为成功提取交通事故中的指印DNA,用502胶熏显指印,用EZ-tape胶带采集车辆方向盘及变速杆等处的脱落细胞,然后Chelex-100法与磁珠法结合提取DNA,延长保温时间。DNA定量,根据DNA浓度调整PCR反应体系,通过适当增加PCR循环数、增加PCR产物量及延长进样时间等方法,成功地对指印DNA做了STR分型,确定了两起交通事故中的驾驶人。 相似文献
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汗潜指印DNA提取方法的初步研究 总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12
目的建立渗透性载体及非渗透性载体上汗潜指印DNA的提取和检验方法。方法采用C-有-柱法及SiO2法两种DNA提取方法,PCR扩增后310型遗传分析仪检测。结果载玻片上3枚汗潜指印采用2种方法均可扩增出Amel及9个STR位点;纸上3枚汗潜指印用SiO2法检见Amel及9个STR位点,而用C-有-柱法检验结果不稳定。渗透性及非渗透性载体上1及2枚汗潜指印,采用上述两种DNA提取方法,检验结果均不稳定。结论所建立的方法可以检见渗透性及非渗透性载体上汗潜指印DNA,并达到同一认定的程度。 相似文献
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3种提取胶带粘面汗潜指印中DNA的方法比较 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
目的比较胶带粘面汗潜指印中DNA提取的方法。方法分别采用硅珠法、QIAMicrokit法、硅珠-QIAMicrokit法提取胶带粘面的汗潜指印中DNA,STR复合扩增,荧光电泳检测。结果用QIAMicrokit法、硅珠-QIAMicrokit法提取胶带粘面汗潜指印中DNA,检测成功率分别为21%和36%。硅珠法检测未获成功。结论硅珠-QIAMicrokit法提取胶带粘面汗潜指印中的DNA比QIAMicrokit法,检验时间更短,检测成功率更高。 相似文献
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目的测试NFIQ 2.0标准计算指纹质量评分模块在活体采集和油墨捺印指纹质量控制上的可靠性,研究利用NFIQ 2.0指纹分值综合判断指纹质量的可行性和在实际工作中的使用方法。方法一是利用NFIQ 2.0模块接口程序结合VS2015 C#编程语言制作指纹质量评分软件。二是记录20张指纹图片放置在采集框上、下、左、右、中五个位置时NFIQ 2.0的分值,计算平均偏差、最大偏差和相对偏差。三是对在指纹数据库中随机选出的1334枚活体采集和油墨捺印指纹(8位灰度、500 dpi BMP格式指纹图片)进行评分,将得出的分值与通过人工检查该1334枚指纹在指纹系统中自动提取的特征所计算的特征准确率,形成线条图并制作拟合线,通过线条图和拟合线研究NFIQ 2.0分值与特征准确率之间存在的关系。结果从平均偏差、最大偏差和相对偏差分析,指纹图片放置位置对NFIQ 2.0分值的影响很小。利用线条图和拟合线进行统计时,NFIQ 2.0分值与特征准确率之间呈现出一定的对应关系,NFIQ 2.0分值高的指纹,系统自动提取的特征准确性相对较高,反之相对较低。并且,分值在41~100之间时,特征准确率稳定在80%以上。结论NFIQ 2.0标准计算指纹质量评分模块可以用于大批量活体采集和油墨捺印指纹的辅助质量检测,在实际工作中可将NFIQ 2.0模块嵌入活体采集软件和指纹系统档卡扫描中,设定合理的阈值,对提高指纹采集的质量检测效率和提升指纹采集质量将有较大帮助。 相似文献
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A simple method for quantification of contrast in a fingerprint is proposed. Contrast is defined as the average difference in intensity of pixels between valleys and ridges in a fingerprint. It is quantified from a scanner‐acquired image of the fingerprint using a histogram function of Adobe Photoshop. The method was validated with black inked prints and marks developed with aluminum powder. Moreover, we tested resistance of the method to rater‐dependent errors and dependence of the measurements on the resolution of an image and the model of the scanner. For both groups of fingerprints, the method gave coherent and easily interpretable quantitative values for contrast. There were no significant differences between measurements performed by different raters and by the same rater in a test–retest procedure. However, the method was found to be instrument dependent, as measurements were significantly affected by image resolution and the model of the scanner. 相似文献
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Emma Paterson ; John W. Bond D.Phil. ; A. Robert Hillman D.Phil. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(1):221-224
Abstract: Effective removal of fingerprint deposits is crucial for experimentation related to the corrosion of metals by fingerprint deposits. Such removal is also necessary prior to deposition of test fingerprints. The effectiveness of four regimes in removing fingerprint deposits from brass is considered. Sustained wiping of the deposit with a tissue at applied pressures of up to c . 1430 Pa or rubbing while the brass was immersed in acetone both failed to remove completely all traces of fingerprint deposits. Heating the brass to 600°C was an effective remover; however, this also oxidized the surface of the metal except where inhibited by fingerprint deposits. The most effective regime, and the only one of the four that removed all traces of deposit without affecting the properties of the metal surface, was immersion in warm soapy water while rubbing with a tissue. We propose this as the preferred method for fingerprint removal. 相似文献
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短波紫外照射对汗潜手印DNA检测的影响初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探测短波紫外灯的照射是否会对汗潜手印DNA检测产生影响。方法由每名志愿者在纸张上捺印4枚拇指指印使每枚指印的脱落细胞量保持基本相同,抽取每名志愿者所捺印的一枚指印作为一组,共有四组,将三组指印置于短波紫外灯的照射下,照射时间分别设置为10min﹑30min和1h,还有一组不照射,然后用磁珠法对所有指印提取DNA并进行定量。结果短波紫外灯的照射会对汗潜手印中的DNA造成减损,照射时间越长,减损得越多。结论尽量减少短波紫外灯对汗潜手印照射的时间(可控制在10min内),以保证汗潜手印有足够量的DNA而能被用于STR分型检测。 相似文献
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The accuracy of fingerprint identifications is critically important to the administration of criminal justice. Accuracy is challenging when two prints from different sources have many common features and few dissimilar features. Such print pairs, known as close non‐matches (CNMs), are increasingly likely to arise as ever‐growing databases are searched with greater frequency. In this study, 125 fingerprint agencies completed a mandatory proficiency test that included two pairs of CNMs. The false‐positive error rates on the two CNMs were 15.9% (17 out of 107, 95% C.I.: 9.5%, 24.2%) and 28.1% (27 out of 96, 95% C.I.: 19.4%, 38.2%), respectively. These CNM error rates are (a) inconsistent with the popular notion that fingerprint evidence is nearly infallible, and (b) larger than error rates reported in leading fingerprint studies. We conclude that, when the risk of CNMs is high, the probative value of a reported fingerprint identification may be severely diminished due to an elevated false‐positive error risk. We call for additional CNM research, including a replication and expansion of the present study using a representative selection of CNMs from database searches. 相似文献
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目的通过比较实验来探寻卫生纸上汗潜手印的最佳显现方法,为实际工作提供指导性建议。方法选择市面上常见的四种卫生纸,在每种卫生纸上制作汗潜指印实验样本,分别将茚三酮溶液浸泡法与茚二酮溶液浸泡法、茚二酮溶液浸泡法与茚二酮溶液超声雾化法、茚二酮溶液超声雾化法与(对)-二甲(替)氨基肉桂醛(DMAC)显现纸冷熏法、茚二酮溶液浸泡法与红外加热显现法、茚二酮溶液超声雾化后加热显现法与室温显现法进行两两比较,分析显现效果。结果茚二酮显现的灵敏度和质量均优于其他几种方法,特别是超声雾化后室温显现,既能很好地显现手印又不影响后期的DNA检验。结论采取茚二酮超声雾化室温条件显现方法显现卫生纸上的汗潜手印具有显现效果好、设备条件要求低、操作性强的特点,在实际案件中可以借鉴应用。 相似文献