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1.
目的:探讨电针“百会”、“印堂”、“天枢”穴改善抑郁症消化功能障碍的机制。方法:将30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组,每组10只。用放射免疫法测定脑肠肽类激素下丘脑生长抑素(SS)和血清胃泌素(GAS)的含量。结果:慢性应激抑郁型模型大鼠下丘脑SS显著下降和血清GAS显著升高(P<0.01);电针可以升高下丘脑SS和降低血清GAS含量(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:调节脑肠肽类激素的释放,可能是电针改善抑郁状态下大鼠消化功能的作用途径之一。 相似文献
2.
The construct of psychopathy has often been considered mutually exclusive to the presence of genuine depressive or anxiety symptomotology. This article addresses the hypothesized reasons for this dichotomous relationship. In this study, 68 civilly committed adult male sex offenders were evaluated using a variety of psychological measures to determine if psychopathic individuals in this group would demonstrate clinically significant affective symptoms. Results indicate that the men in this sample endorsed high rates of psychopathy on the PCL-R, with 42% of these expressing concurrent symptoms of depression and 26% manifesting symptoms of an anxiety disorder. Relationships between affective symptoms and PCL-R factor scores and qualitative differences between these constructs in child molesters and rapists are also discussed. 相似文献
3.
Danielle H. Dallaire David A. Cole Thomas M. Smith Jeffrey A. Ciesla Beth LaGrange Farrah M. Jacquez Ashley Q. Pineda Alanna E. Truss Amy S. Folmer 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(7):830-846
Community, demographic, familial, and personal risk factors of childhood depressive symptoms were examined from an ecological
theoretical approach using hierarchical linear modeling. Individual-level data were collected from an ethnically diverse (73%
African-American) community sample of 197 children and their parents; community-level data were obtained from the U.S. Census
regarding rates of community poverty and unemployment in participants’ neighborhoods. Results indicated that high rates of
community poverty and unemployment, children’s depressive attributional style, and low levels of self-perceived competence
predict children’s depressive symptoms, even after accounting for demographic and familial risk factors, such as parental
education and negative parenting behaviors. The effect of negative parenting behaviors on depressive symptoms was partially
mediated by personal variables like children’s self-perceived competence. Recommendations for future research, intervention
and prevention programs are discussed.
Dr. Danielle H. Dallaire is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at The College of William and Mary. She received her Ph.D. from Temple University in 2003. Her major research interests include children’s social and emotional development and promoting resiliency in children and families in high risk environments, particularly children and families dealing with parental incarceration. Dr. David A. Cole is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. He received his Ph.D. from The University of Houston in 1983. His major research interests center around developmental psychopathology in general and childhood depression in particular. Dr. Thomas M. Smith is an Assistant Professor of Public Policy and Education at Vanderbilt University, Peabody College. He received his Ph.D. in 2000 from The Pennsylvania State University. Professor Smith’s current research agenda focuses on the organization of teaching quality, exploring relationships between educational policy (national, state, district, and school level), school organization, teacher commitment, and the quality of classroom instruction. Dr. Jeffrey A. Ciesla is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at Kent State University. He received his Ph.D. from The State University of New York at Buffalo in 2004. His major research interests include the effects of ruminative thought and stressful life events on depressive disorders. Beth LaGrange, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her current research interests include depression and the development of depressive cognitive style in children and adolescents. Dr. Farrah M. Jacquez is a Postdoctoral fellow in pediatric psychology at the Mailman Center for Child Development at the University of Miami. She received her Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University in 2006. Her major research interests include parenting in the context of poverty and developing community-based interventions for underserved children and families. Ashley Q. Pineda, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University and is currently completing her internship at the Children’s Hospital at Stanford University. Her major research interests include examining the reciprocal relations between parenting behaviors, depressive cognitions, and childhood depression. Alanna E. Truss, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her major research and clinical interests include developmental factors in internalizing disorders in children and adolescents and the effects of trauma on children and families. Amy S. Folmer is a graduate student in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. She received her B.A. from The University of Texas in 2003. Her major research interests include cognitive developmental factors that influence the applicability of adult cognitive models of depression to children. 相似文献
Danielle H. DallaireEmail: |
Dr. Danielle H. Dallaire is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at The College of William and Mary. She received her Ph.D. from Temple University in 2003. Her major research interests include children’s social and emotional development and promoting resiliency in children and families in high risk environments, particularly children and families dealing with parental incarceration. Dr. David A. Cole is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. He received his Ph.D. from The University of Houston in 1983. His major research interests center around developmental psychopathology in general and childhood depression in particular. Dr. Thomas M. Smith is an Assistant Professor of Public Policy and Education at Vanderbilt University, Peabody College. He received his Ph.D. in 2000 from The Pennsylvania State University. Professor Smith’s current research agenda focuses on the organization of teaching quality, exploring relationships between educational policy (national, state, district, and school level), school organization, teacher commitment, and the quality of classroom instruction. Dr. Jeffrey A. Ciesla is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at Kent State University. He received his Ph.D. from The State University of New York at Buffalo in 2004. His major research interests include the effects of ruminative thought and stressful life events on depressive disorders. Beth LaGrange, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her current research interests include depression and the development of depressive cognitive style in children and adolescents. Dr. Farrah M. Jacquez is a Postdoctoral fellow in pediatric psychology at the Mailman Center for Child Development at the University of Miami. She received her Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University in 2006. Her major research interests include parenting in the context of poverty and developing community-based interventions for underserved children and families. Ashley Q. Pineda, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University and is currently completing her internship at the Children’s Hospital at Stanford University. Her major research interests include examining the reciprocal relations between parenting behaviors, depressive cognitions, and childhood depression. Alanna E. Truss, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her major research and clinical interests include developmental factors in internalizing disorders in children and adolescents and the effects of trauma on children and families. Amy S. Folmer is a graduate student in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. She received her B.A. from The University of Texas in 2003. Her major research interests include cognitive developmental factors that influence the applicability of adult cognitive models of depression to children. 相似文献
4.
When does the Gender Difference in Rumination Begin? Gender and Age Differences in the Use of Rumination by Adolescents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A cross-sectional non-clinical sample of 1,218 adolescents, aged 10–17 years, completed measures of stress, rumination, and
depression to allow tests of the response style theory of S. Nolen-Hoeksema [J Res Adolesc 4:519–534, 1994] in adolescents,
in particular whether increasing levels of stress and rumination in early adolescence are predictive of the onset of the gender
difference in depression. Overall, females reported higher levels of stress, rumination, and depression than males. The onset
of the gender differences in stress and depression occurred at age 13 years, and for rumination one year earlier at 12 years.
Significantly, also from 13 years, rumination explained the gender difference in depression by showing that it significantly
mediated the effect of gender on depression. Gender moderated the rumination to depression relationship; specifically the
association was stronger for females than males. Developmental differences were noted in that rumination significantly mediated
between stress and depression earlier in the age range for females than males. Results supported many of the predictions of
Nolen-Hoeksema’s model of the emergence of a gender difference in adolescent depression.
相似文献
Isobel BrownEmail: |
5.
Belinda L. Needham 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(8):893-905
This study applies latent growth curve analysis to data from three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent
Health (n = 10,828) and finds that symptoms of depression and social support interact with one another in a dynamic fashion across
the transition from adolescence (mean age at Wave 1 = 15.28 years) to young adulthood (mean age at Wave 3 = 21.65 years).
Parental support during adolescence is inversely associated with initial symptoms of depression for girls and boys, although
adolescent girls with low levels of parental support begin the study period with significantly higher levels of depressive
symptomatology than their male counterparts. In addition, adolescents who begin the study period with higher levels of depressive
symptomatology report less parental support during young adulthood. Finally, regardless of their initial level of depressive
symptoms, girls and boys who experience increased symptoms of depression over time also report lower levels of parental support
at the end of the study period.
相似文献
Belinda L. NeedhamEmail: |
6.
We used the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales (M. A. Straus, S. L. Hamby, D. Finkelhor, D. W. Moore, & D. Runyan, 1998) to assess retrospectively women’s childhood experiences of both mother and father physical abuse and psychological aggression, and assessed mother and father alcohol problems based on criteria derived from the Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria (N. C. Andreasen, J. Endicott, R. L. Spitzer, & G. Winokur, 1977). Data were collected from 447 women (age 18 or higher) from seven domestic violence programs and five substance use disorder treatment programs in a midwestern state. Using OLS regression with backward elimination (p < .10 as criterion for removal from the equation) we found that higher levels of mother physical abuse, father psychological aggression, and presence of mother alcohol problems predicted higher scores on the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Trauma Symptom Checklist. Higher levels of mother physical abuse and father psychological aggression predicted higher scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
相似文献
William R. DownsEmail: |
7.
新一轮改革后的日本经济评析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
日本经济在经历了20世纪90年代的衰退后,为实现经济复苏,开始了一轮新的改革.通过一系列改革措施,日本经济在2002年走出低谷,实现了复苏,改革成果显现.可以说,日本经济的复苏是在世界经济发展的背景下实现的,日本经济对世界经济尤其是美国经济具有很大的依赖性.随着全球经济形势的严峻,日本经济也难以独善其身,势必会随世界经济的起落而起落.但由于政府对经济的调控手段的不断成熟和完善,经济转型的延续,日本经济不会出现像20世纪90年代那样大的滑坡,应从发展的眼光把握日本经济今后走势. 相似文献
8.
Supporting the positive development of a special needs child is especially challenging when parents have separated or divorced. Invariably, there is an increased need for collaborative co‐parenting wherein information is shared and intervention plans can be implemented effectively. In this article, the evolving literature on parental gatekeeping is applied to families with special needs children, as it offers a useful model for understanding the strengths and liabilities of co‐parenting relationships. We describe some of the typical and unique gatekeeping dynamics that occur when children suffer from developmental, physical, and/or psychiatric syndromes that require specific treatment and specialized parenting skills. Examples of both restrictive and facilitative gatekeeping are described as they manifest in these families. Implications for decision making are also discussed. 相似文献
9.
目的:研究柴地合方对脑组织单胺递质含量的影响,探讨其抗抑郁作用可能的机制。方法:复制大鼠慢性应激抑郁模型,慢性给予柴地合方,采用高效液相色谱系统(HPLC)加电化学检测器(ECD)检测前额皮质和海马组织中单胺类神经递质及相关代谢产物的含量。结果:慢性应激大鼠前额皮质中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5羟色胺(5—HT)和3,4—二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)含量显著降低,柴地合方可以翻转这种降低;慢性应激大鼠海马中NE、5—HT含量显著降低,柴地合方可以部分逆转降低水平。结论:柴地合方可升高慢性应激模型大鼠前额皮质和海马中NE和5—HT水平,这可能是其抗抑郁的机制之一。 相似文献
10.