脑心肌炎病毒VP1结构蛋白的可溶性表达及鉴定

为获得可溶性表达的脑心肌炎病毒(EMCV)结构蛋白VP1片段,将EMCV VP1基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达菌中。采用不同温度、不同IPTG浓度及不同诱导时间诱导目的蛋白表达,以筛选VP1融合蛋白可溶性表达的最佳条件,并通过Western-blotting检测最佳条件下表达蛋白的免疫活性。PCR、酶切鉴定及测序结果表明,VP1基因已克隆入pGEX-4T-1质粒。经优化,确定VP1融合蛋白可溶性表达的最佳条件为:当D600nm值为0.4～0.6时,以0.25mmol/L IPTG于25℃条件下诱导表达12h。Western-blotting结果显示,诱导表达的蛋白具有免疫活性。     

牛胸腺素原α基因的原核表达与分析鉴定

为了把牛胸腺素原α(ProTα)开发为免疫增强剂,从重组克隆载体pMD18-T-ProTα上扩增ProTα基因,分别构建和筛选出了pGEX-4T-1-ProTα、pET-30a(+)-ProTα的BL21、BL21codon plus和Rosetta Blue(DE3)plys重组原核表达菌株,采用不同的条件组合对其进行诱导表达。结果,重组菌BL21codon plus-pET-30a(+)-ProTα表达出约24ku和30ku两个蛋白条带,且在37℃、IPTG浓度为0.5mmol/L、诱导3h时表达量最大,重组蛋白主要以可溶性形式存在;而pGEX-4T-1-ProTα重组菌在诸多条件下都未表达出目的蛋白。纯化产物的Western-blot分析显示,重组蛋白可与兔抗人ProTα多抗发生特异性免疫反应,表明重组蛋白具有免疫学活性结构。研究结果为重组ProTα蛋白的结构与功能研究奠定了基础。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒p80基因的分段表达及其抗原性分析

为建立以重组p80蛋白为抗原的牛病毒性腹泻(BVD)鉴别诊断ELISA方法,采用PCR方法克隆了BVDV p80基因的A、B、C三段基因片段,分别连接到原核表达载体pGEX-6P1上,获得了重组质粒pGEX-6P1-p80A、pGEX-6P1-p80B和pGEX-6P1-p80C,将其分别转化感受态菌Rosetta和BL21,经1.0 mmol/L的IPTG诱导,分别得到大小为60、47和51 ku的目的蛋白。经Western-blotting分析,3个目的蛋白中,只有p80B(289~477 aa)基因片段所表达的融合蛋白能与BVDV阳性血清反应,表明p80蛋白的免疫优势区域集中在此部位。该融合蛋白可以作为诊断抗原用于建立ELISA诊断方法。     

鸡朊蛋白的原核表达及其抗血清的制备

运用分子生物学方法分别构建了pGEX-4T-ChPrP1、pGEX-4T-ChPrP2、pGEX-4T-ChPrP3重组表达载体,经转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)和IPTG诱导表达,并对融合蛋白诱导表达时间、IPTG浓度进行优化,诱导表达的GST-ChPrP(25～247)融合蛋白经GST-trap FF柱亲和层析纯化,用纯化后的GST-ChPrP(25～247)融合蛋白免疫新西兰雄兔,以探究鸡朊蛋白的结构与功能。结果表明,本试验成功构建了pGEX-4T-ChPrP1、pGEX-4T-ChPrP2、pGEX-4T-ChPrP3重组表达菌,SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,得到大小为50、42和32ku左右的融合蛋白GST-ChPrP(25～247)、GST-ChPrP(96～247)、GST-ChPrP(174～247),与预期结果基本相符,在最适条件下每升pGEX-4T-ChPrP1菌液通过GST-trap FF层析柱获得的GST-ChPrP(25～247)融合蛋白达10mg,制备的抗血清经琼脂糖凝胶扩散试验检测到较高的多克隆抗体效价(1∶32);Western-blot分析结果显示,融合蛋白GST-ChPrP(25～247)、GST-ChPrP(96～247)和GST-ChPrP(174～247)及鸡脑组织蛋白均可与该抗血清发生特异性免疫反应。证实,鸡重组朊蛋白具有良好的抗原性,与鸡脑组织朊蛋白具有相同的抗原成分。     

猪IFN-α1基因的原核表达及其蛋白质结构的预测

利用RT-PCR技术,从被诱导的猪外周血单核细胞中克隆出了猪α1干扰素(IFN-α1)基因.序列分析表明,克隆的猪IFN-α1基因序列与GenBank上登录的猪IFN-α1基因的同源性为97.8%.用克隆的猪IFN-α1基因构建了重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-1-IFN-α1.探讨了猪IFN-α1.基因表达的最佳条件,并在大肠杆菌中对此基因进行了表达.结果表明,IPTG的最佳诱导浓度为0.5 mmol/L,最适诱导温度为42℃,诱导9h表达量最大,表达产物约占菌体总蛋白的30%.SDS-PAGE分析表明,表达产物的分子质量为45 ku,且目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在.经预测,猪IFN-α1蛋白为一结构松散的球状蛋白.     

犬瘟热病毒R/20-8株核衣壳蛋白基因的克隆和表达

应用RT-PCR技术扩增出犬瘟热病毒(CDV)核衣壳(N)蛋白基因的高度保守序列,将其克隆至质粒pMD18-T中,获得了重组质粒pMD18-T-N。将N基因的目的片段克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-1中谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)基因的下游,并将该重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21株,经IPTG诱导,N基因融合蛋白获得了高效表达。SDS-PAGE电泳和Western-blot分析结果显示,表达产物的分子质量为55 ku,与CDV标准阳性血清呈阳性反应。表明,大肠杆菌表达的CDV N蛋白在免疫原性上与天然N蛋白具有一定的相似性,可作为诊断用抗原。     

藏绵羊朊蛋白基因的原核表达

从藏绵羊全血中提取基因组总DNA,用所设计的引物以聚合酶链式反应扩增出细胞型朊蛋白(PrPc)基因。测序分析表明,所克隆的羊PrPc基因片段大小为771 bp,包含了羊朊蛋白基因的完整编码区序列,其与国内外报道的序列基本相同。将目的基因与经EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切的载体pGEX-4T-1连接后转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),挑选重组阳性菌用IPTG诱导表达,收集不同培养时间的菌液进行SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting。结果表明,PrP基因在大肠杆菌中成功表达,并能被抗牛PrPc单抗4C11识别。凝胶薄层扫描结果显示,表达蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的30%~45%,目的蛋白以包涵体的形式存在,包涵体经变性裂解、纯化和复性后得到具有一定生物学活性的目的蛋白。     

口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3ABC基因的原核表达及其产物的活性检测

利用分别带有BamHⅠ和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物扩增出FMDV 3ABC基因,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体。经BamHⅠ和SalⅠ酶消化后,克隆到表达载体pGEX-6p-1上,构建重组质粒pGEX-3ABC。将该重组质粒转化到大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3)pLysS,经终浓度1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导,获得约70 ku的融合蛋白GST-3ABC。Western-blotting结果显示,表达的融合蛋白GST-3ABC可以与感染FMDV的牛血清发生免疫反应。以纯化的GST-3ABC蛋白为抗原的间接ELISA检测结果与以VP2蛋白为抗原的间接ELISA检测结果相比较,表明,融合蛋白GST-3ABC可以用于鉴别感染FMDV和疫苗免疫的牛血清。     

犬新孢子虫新疆Nc-1株NcSRS2基因的克隆及原核表达

根据GenBank中犬新孢子虫NcSRS2基因序列设计了1对引物,从新孢子虫病阳性牛血液中提取总DNA,经PCR扩增NcSRS2基因,将其插入原核表达质粒pGEX-4T-2中,重组质粒pGEX-4T-NcSRS2经测序确定后,转入表达菌株BL21,优化其表达条件,并探讨了GST-NcSRS2蛋白的生物活性。结果显示,在37℃条件下,经终浓度为0.5mmol/L的IPTG诱导表达4h后,获得融合蛋白。Western-blot分析表明该融合蛋白可与相应抗体发生特异性结合,rELISA检测与弓形虫和布鲁氏菌阳性血清无交叉反应。     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2基因的优化表达及活性检测

通过软件分析后,截去猪圆环病毒2型ORF2基因中影响蛋白表达的保守基因,并对其余的基因进行了密码子优化。把改造后的ORF2基因连接到pGEX-4T-1载体上并转入表达宿主菌大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行IPTG诱导表达。结果显示,重组菌可以表达出分子质量为50ku的重组蛋白,在0.2mmol/L的IPTG诱导5h情况下表达效果最好,表达的蛋白以包涵体形式存在于菌体中。表达产物经琼脂糖凝胶纯化可得到较纯的蛋白。经Western-blot分析,所纯化的蛋白能刺激小鼠产生相应抗体,并能与PCV2阳性血清进行特异性免疫印迹反应。试验结果证实表达的蛋白具有良好的抗原性。     

The Development of EU-Russian Relations

The EU＇s strategy for Russia since the end of the cold war has to a large extent failed, and the direct consequences are the currently deadlocked EU-Russia relationship. There are three reasons for this： the EU and Russia＇s respective strength and status relative to each other have been changing since the beginning of this century; the EU＇s strategy towards Russia has been more fragmenting in recently years; and the American factor. The EU-Russia relations could continue to be in poor shape in the years to come, and it is very likely sometimes even further worsening. But the two sides would refrain from extreme measures and prevent their relations from sliding into real cold war.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

The Balance Between Coercion and Accommodation

1. Introduction
On the morning of April 1st, 2001, a U.S. EP-3 surveillance aircraft was conducting an intelligence flight along the Chinese territorial border in the airspace south-east of China＇s Hainan Island. Two Chinese fighter jets intercepted the spy plane and followed its flight, as is considered ordinary international practice. For reasons unknown, the EP-3 airplane made a sudden maneuver and crashed into one of the Chinese planes. The Chinese plane dropped into the sea, the pilot missing. The U.S. spy plane was also severely damaged. It intruded into Chinese territorial space and landed on Hainan Island without official permission from the Chinese side. After landing, the spy plane and 24 crew on board were detained by the Chinese authorities. This air collision episode was the first of its kind in the China-U.S. relations and an urgent diplomatic crisis ensued.     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

Learning from Others and Starting Built-to-last Companies

正Ruicheng Group was founded in Qiqihar,a city located in one of the three major ‘Chernozem belts’ in the world,the fertile Songnen Plain,and one known as the ‘home of red-crowned cranes’ Over the years,our business developed from being only one supermarket in the beginning to a corporate group operating in multiple sectors,from supermarket chain and real estate to property management and preschool education.     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.     

亚洲整体性崛起及其效应(英文)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the overall rise of the Asian geographic plate has been particularly prominently. The overall rise of Asia reflects the improvement of a large number of developing countries in Asia. The long-occupied aggressive status of the United States and Europe is weakening, and the overall rise of Asia appears more highlighted, and its impact upon the world seems more intense.     

CAFIU Convenes the 11~(th) Council Meeting in Beijing

正On the morning of April 2,2014,CAFIU held the 11th Executive Council Meeting in Beijing.Present at the Meeting were Member of the Politburo of the 17th CPC Central Committee and Vice-Chairman of the 11th CPPCC National Committee Mr.Wang Gang,ViceChairman of the 11th NPC Standing Committee and President of CAFIU Mr.Zhou Tienong,ViceChairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee Mme     

Speech by Honorary President Zhou Tienong at the 11~(th) Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU (Excerpt)

正I am very pleased to attend the 11th Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU,and would like to express my hearty congratulations to President Yan Junqi,the new leadership and the newly-elected Executive Council.I also want to express my sincere thanks for choosing me to be the Honorary President of CAFIU!