鸭疫里氏杆菌鸭源致病性大肠埃希氏菌和鸭沙门菌的RAPD研究

以 4株不同血清型的鸭疫里氏杆菌、5株不同血清型的鸭源致病性大肠埃希氏菌和 5株同一血清型的鸭沙门菌为研究对象 ,分别提取基因组DNA ,利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对其基因组DNA进行了分析。结果 ,从 2 0条随机引物中筛选出了 38条能在这 3种菌中有较好多态性的随机引物 ,8个有效引物共扩增出了 10 2个DNA片段 ,其中 14个菌株共有的谱带仅有 1条 ,显示多态性的片段有 10 1个 ,占 99.0 % ;对RA的 4个菌株扩增出的谱带数为 5 1条 ,共同片段有 12条 ,多态性片段 39条 ,占 76 .5 % ;对沙门菌的 5个菌株扩增出的条带数为 4 6条 ,共同片段为13条 ,多态性片段 33条 ,占 71.7% ;对大肠埃希氏菌的 5个菌株扩增出的条带数为 4 8条 ,共同片段 4条 ,多态性片段 4 4条 ,占 91.7%。在 8条引物中进一步筛选出 1条引物G12 ,其图谱中 5 35bp的条带为鸭疫里氏杆菌所特有 ,330bp的条带为沙门菌所特有 ,12 2 7bp的条带为大肠埃希氏菌所特有 ,表明G12可作为分子标记用来鉴别这 3种细菌。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒四川分离株N基因DNA免疫质粒的构建

采用SDS 蛋白酶K法抽提鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)四川分离株SAIBWJ的基因组RNA,参照基因库中的N基因序列设计了1对引物,扩增出了单一的DNA产物。将该产物插入pUC18载体的HindⅢ和BamHⅠ酶切位点,构建了pUC NWJ质粒。序列测定结果表明,获得的克隆质粒包含了全部N基因。再将N基因亚克隆到pcDNA3.1( )载体的HindⅢ和XhoⅠ酶切位点,构建了IBVSAIBWJN基因的DNA免疫质粒pcDNA NWJ。     

鸡源大肠埃希氏菌大质粒的探讨

用碱裂解法提取分离的10株鸡源大肠埃希氏菌的质粒.结果多数大肠埃希氏菌菌株含有大质粒,分子量为50～230kb.这些大质粒可能含有毒力相关基因,与细菌的耐药性、大肠埃希氏菌素的产生及质粒的传递功能等有关.     

鸭沙门菌的随机扩增多态性DNA分析

以5株同一血清型的鸭沙门菌为研究对象,分别提取基因组DNA后,用20条随机引物对其进行RAPD分析。结果,20条随机引物中不能扩出任何条带的引物有2条,能扩出条带但扩增图谱中没有特异性条带出现的引物有10条,能扩出条带且扩增图谱具有多态性的引物有8条。对筛选到的具有多态性的8条引物进行分析,共扩增出46个DNA片段,片段大小为0.2～3.2kb,其中5个菌株共有的片段有13条,显示多态性的片段有33条。     

番鸭IFN-α基因在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

利用PCR从质粒pGEM TEasy/MDIFN扩增出番鸭IFN α基因cDNA ,将其插入到含AOX1启动子和α分泌信号肽序列的Pichiapastoris表达载体pPICZαC 3.6kb中 ,测序 ,待其结果正确后 ,将重组质粒转化至酵母X 33,PCR法筛选出Mut+ 表型的转化子置于BMMY培养基中培养。用 5mL/L甲醇诱导表达 4d后 ,经SDS PAGE分析可见 1条约 2 5ku的清晰蛋白条带。试验结果表明pPICZαC3.6kb/MDIFN质粒构建成功 ,并且实现重组酵母高效分泌表达     

新城疫病毒HN基因与T4噬菌体SOC基因在大肠埃希氏菌中的融合表达

用RT PCR方法扩增了新城疫病毒 (NDV)的完整HN基因序列 ;设计了 1对带有EcoRⅠ限制位点的引物 ,用PCR扩增出了HN基因片段。将该片段克隆至 pSOC质粒SOC基因 3′端 ,成功构建了重组质粒pSOC HN。用该重组质粒转化E .coliBL 2 1(DE3)感受态细胞 ,以终浓度 1mmol/mL的IPTG诱导表达。在SDS PAGE凝胶上可检测到分子质量约 6 7ku的特异条带 ,蛋白质印迹法证实 ,表达产物与NDV抗血清具有良好的反应性     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌APXⅡA基因原核表达载体的构建及其表达

经PCR从含有APXⅡA基因片段的重组质粒 pT APXⅡA中扩增出了APXⅡA基因。同时对目的基因和表达质粒 pGEX 4T 1进行了双酶切 ,连接、转化受体菌 ,经PCR、酶切和序列分析 ,证明连接向位和阅读框架正确。成功构建了APXⅡA基因的原核表达载体 pGEX APXⅡA。重组质粒转化表达菌在IPTG诱导下 ,用SDS PAGE分析表达目的蛋白。结果表明 ,蛋白质的分子质量为 10 2 .5ku。     

鸡毒霉形体H3株TM-1基因的克隆与序列分析

对鸡毒霉形体内蒙古分离株H3 株的TM 1基因进行了克隆和序列分析。根据巳发表的MGS6株TM 1蛋白基因序列分析设计了 1对引物 ,以H3 株DNA为模板进行PCR扩增 ,得到约 0 .8kb的片段 ,将该产物克隆到pUCm T载体上 ,得到重组质粒。经Kieser法、质粒PCR法、PstⅠ单酶切等方法鉴定后 ,测定H3 株TM 1基因序列 ,并与已知S6株TM 1基因序列进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,MGH3 株与S6株TM 1基因核苷酸序列同一性为 96.5 7% ,氨基酸同一性为95 .42 %。这些结果为进一步研究MGH3 株的基因免疫和基因工程疫苗等奠定了基础     

弓形虫GJS株致密颗粒6基因真核表达质粒的构建及在BHK-21细胞中的表达

根据GenBank数据库中弓形虫RH株GRA6基因序列设计1对引物,采用PCR技术从弓形虫GJS株基因组DNA中扩增GRA6基因,导入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/CT-GFP-TOPO,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定,将重组质粒转染BHK-21细胞。GFP标签证明质粒DNA成功转染到细胞中并得以表达,通过Western-blot分析,细胞裂解液中有一条约52 ku的条带,可被山羊抗弓形虫超免疫血清识别,大小与预测值相符。表明真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/CT-GFP-TOPO-GRA6中的GRA6基因在BHK-21细胞中获得表达且表达产物具有抗原性。     

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌APXⅡA基因的克隆及序列测定

用PCR法从胸膜肺炎放线杆菌 (APP) 7型的DNA提取物中扩增出大小为 2 873bp的APXⅡA基因片段 ;将PCR产物重组到质粒载体 pMD 18 T中 ,并对重组质粒进行酶切分析及序列测定。结果表明 ,克隆片段为完整的目的基因 ,该片段的核苷酸序列与国外分离株M 30 6 0 2的同源性达 99.7%。     

Lessons from Democratic Transitions: Case Studies from Asia

In an era when democratization is stalled or in retreat in many parts of the world, it is important to highlight the successful democratic experience of East and Southeast Asia in recent decades. Five consolidated democracies have emerged since the mid-1980s; only Thailand has seen some backsliding with the 2006 coup. The Asian cases provide insights into several major debates in the democratization literature, including the relative importance of culture, history, economic structure, and the optimal sequencing of political and economic reform. This article reviews these issues, with particular attention to the role of outside powers in underpinning democratization. Ultimately, the Asian cases offer evidence for optimism about the prospects of a Fourth Wave of democratization.     

起伏中求稳定,动荡中求发展

由于中美两国在社会制度、价值观念、台湾等问题上存在重大差异,两国关系一直时好时坏,在曲折中前进.要警惕美在对台政策上的"清晰化"倾向.但也应看到,不断发展的经贸关系、两国间广泛的交流与接触已成为中美关系进一步发展的重要基础和推动力.要进一步排除影响中美关系的障碍.     

Lessons from the Asian Economic Crisis: A View from South Korea

Ha and Kim present a new reading of the East Asian crisis, focusing particularly on South Korea's experience. They argue that previous studies have ignored the political environment that paved the way for such an event. Neoliberal economists, according to the authors, were so enamoured with the example of the 'Asian tigers' and the ideal of unregulated markets that they were blind to the many warnings of an ensuing disaster. Economic systems can thus no longer rest on such a free-market capitalist ideal where no one controls the global economy, but must instead have a secure political base. As the financial crisis has shown, such international anarchy must be checked by a new set of international institutions. While the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) organisation did attempt to handle the crisis, it, along with Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), proved unable to do so. East Asia's leaders and theorists have been presented with the challenge of reforming this region's institutions and political orders in order to avoid another crisis, complete with all its social and political ramifications.     

The Message from Boston

The election program entitled "A Strong Nation Respected in theWorld " came out in Boston at the July 26-29 Democratic National Convention along with the nomination of John Kerry and John Edwardsas the presidential and vice presidential candidates of the party. Whatmessage do the Democrats want to convey from Boston?No wonder high on the agenda stands national security a Re-publican strong point with the electorate for years. Relevant issues likenon-proliferation of weapons of mass dest…