Forty Years' Construction of Rule of Law and the Legalization of Human Rights Protection in China

A market economy requires the individual rights of citizens be protected, and that the exercising of those rights be regulated, whose realization depends on the legalization of human rights protection On the one hand, individual rights must be protected by law On the other hand, a law-based society needs to be built so the boundaries of individual rights are clear, the exercising of those rights are regulated, conflicts between rights can be resolved through the courts, and the personal infringement of others' rights and the overall interests of the society is prohibited by law During the 40 years of China's ref orm and opening-up in China, the promotion of the legal protection of human rights mainly lies in three aspects: first, the important role of the rule of law plays in protecting human rights has been clarified; second, the four steps of the rule of law(scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, judicial justice and observance of the law by all Chinese citizens) have been strengthened to safeguard human rights fully and effectively; third, the Chinese human rights system under the rule of law has gradually been aligned with international norms.     

The Construction of a Rule of Law China and the Improvement of the Theoretical System of Human Rights in China——From the Perspective of “Integrating the Leadership of the Party,the Position of People as Masters of the Country,and the Rule of Law”

The CPC Central Committee has put forward the thesis of integrating the leadership of the Party, the position of people as masters of the country, and the rule of law. This thesis is an important development of the Marxist legal ideology and the socialist theory of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics. It is also a main line of the construction of a socialist rule of law country with Chinese characteristics and should be the general and basic principle of the construction of the theoretical system of human rights with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, the CPC should also endeavor to guarantee the realization of human rights, under the leadership of whom we advance the rule of law of "ensuring that the people are masters of the country" and "respecting and protecting human rights" in order to implement the modernization of the state governance system and capacity in which democracy, rule of law and human rights are the core elements of the country.     

On the Quadruple Qualities of Marxist Thought on Human Rights

Marxist human rights thought has realized an epochmaking change in human rights thought and has distinguished itself from capitalist human rights thought with its distinctive character.Marxist human rights thought has a humanistic character,starts from human nature and its essence,regards human rights as an important means to realize the all-round development of human beings and the fundamental proof of human liberation.Marxist human rights thought is characterized by being people-centered,and expresses the desire of the masses,with the proletariat as the main body,to realize a better life through the guarantee of human rights.Marxist human rights thought has a practical character,is based on practical materialism,advocates that human rights are derived from the social practice and promotes social practice toward civilization and progress.Marxist human rights thought has the character of rule of law,guides legal governance to the rule of good law,and lays the guarantee fot human rights on the foundation of substantive rule of law.     

New Understanding of the Socialist Human Rights Concept with Chinese Characteristics and its Practice: An Overview of the International Conference on the International Cooperation in Human Rights and the Chinese Perspective

The International Conference on the International Cooperation in Human Rights and the Chinese Perspective organized by the Institute of International Law, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, took place in Beijing, China from October 22-23, 2016. Both Chinese and foreign human rights experts convened to exchange their opinions on the new development of the human rights theories and practices, especially from the Chinese perspective. The socialist concept on human rights with Chinese characteristics was discussed intensively during the meeting and new terms such as "the Human Rights Model of the South" and "the Human Rights Perspective of the South" were raised. The participants interpreted and summed up the experiences and features of the Chinese socialist human rights cause. The drafting and implementation of the Chinese National Human Rights Action Plans and the progress in the promotion of rule of law in China were mentioned. They highly valued the constructive roles played by China in the international human rights cooperation field, especially under the United Nations(UN) human rights regime and for the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.     

Historical Conditions and Experiences Summary of China's Human Rights Development Path Since the Founding of the PRC

Since the founding of the People's republic of china, the path of human rights development in china has been based on national liberation and state sovereignty.The practice of human rights protection in the 30 years before the launch of reform and opening-up accumulated the conditions for the practice after the launch of reform and opening-up.reform and opening-up have provided the great motivation and opportunity for the development of human rights in china.against the background of international practice, china's human rights development path, since the founding of the People's republic of china, has been developed in the fight against human rights diplomacy that interferes in china's internal affairs with human rights used as a political tool.it has gone through the process from evasion to passive counterattacks, and then actively participating and playing a leading role.The 70 years' development of human rights in china shows that human rights progress is highly dependent on the country's construction of the rule of law, and the coordinated and comprehensive promotion of human rights protection policies promotes the overall progress of the human rights.in order to promote human rights with development, the transition from the top-down path to the combination of top-down and down-top path is suggested.     

Conflict and Balance Between the Right to Development and Environmental Rights:China's Practice

The right to development,the realization of which is subject to environmental rights,is an inalienable human right The principle of sustainable development is based on the right to development but is a development path designed to protect the environment The fact that environmental rights are not expressly stipulated in international human rights law does not deny its attribute as a human right Therefore,environmental rights and the right to development are equally important,conducive to the realization of human sustainable development through the protection of environmental rights In order to solve the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection in China,it is necessary to earnestly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development under strict judicial control in accordance with the law and to fully protect the public's rights to know concerning environmental information,and encouraging the public's participation in environmental decision-making     

From the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings——The Past,Present, and Future of International Human Rights Protection

The UN Charter first of all affirmed the basic concept of international protection of human rights and opened up a broad space for international protection of human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an important document in the development of the international human rights cause. It established a set of international standards for basic human rights, represents the world's most important consensus on human rights, and contributes greatly to the creation of an international human rights legal system. The important theory put forward by President Xi Jinping to build a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings, as a Chinese program for today s global major issues, also outlines a new blueprint for national human rights protection and will play a major role in promoting the development of China's human rights and international human rights protection.     

Thoughts on the Judicial Credit Constraints and Countermeasures

Judicial credit is closely correlated with the relief dimensions of human rights.Improving judicial credit has become an important task of China's judicial reform and also an important aspect ofpromoting the protection of human rights by the rule of law.Accordingly,to judge the current situation of the judicial credit of people's courts in a scientific way,find out the existing problems and provide suggestions on targeted measures have become a fundamental topic that combines both theoretical direction and practical urgency.Based on the analysis on the connotation of judicial credit,we make a study on courts' own factors,awareness of the public towards rule of law,news media communication and other factors that constrain judicial credit,and propose suggestions on how to improve judicial credit.     

抗震救灾彰显人权精神

人权是世界人民的普遍要求,新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来,中国人权事业取得了重大成就。抗击四川汶川大地震取得的阶段性重大胜利,凸现了对人权的尊重与保障。抗震救灾的过程贯穿着以人为本的理念,闪耀着人权的精神,体现了中国特色人权理论。尊重和保障人权,首先是尊重人的生命价值,核心是人人享有广泛权利,重点是坚持依法治国方略,关键是发挥人的主体精神,基础是强调科技的重要作用。     

New Development Concept Guides the New Development of Human Rights Theory in China

The new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing has posed new requirements for the development of human rights theory in China. Innovation is the impetus and vitality for the development of human rights theory and is required for the study of human rights in terms of its content, method, and form. Coordination is the social basis for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights theory can be scientific and persuasive through coordination of the interests of all parties concerned. Green is the natural basis for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights theory can have rich connotations and far-reaching impact through ecological protection and environmental control. Openness is the international vision for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and the international influence of human rights theory in contemporary China can be increased constantly through international exchange and dialogue on human rights theory. Sharing is the value pursuit for the development of human rights theory in contemporary China and human rights should be jointly constructed and shared by the entire people in an all-round way.     

Protecting the Rights of Disabled Persons——From the Perspective of Protecting Their Right to Development with Affirmative Action as the Core

Establishing and protecting the right to development of disabled persons is not only the important part of Xi Jinping's thought on human rights, but also a reflection of Marxism's idea of human rights and a requirement of the rule of law in China. It is necessary to promote the protection of the right to development of disabled persons in terms of affirmative action. The Chinese government's affirmative action requires structural characteristics, including providing the institutional basis for the affirmative action by constructing legal and non-legal institutions, providing an environment conducive for the affirmative action by shaping a more aware social ecology and providing valid guarantees for affirmative action by increasing the responsibility of local governments.     

关于完善中国妇女人权保障机制的思考

本文探讨国家法治的推进和人权意识的提高给妇女人权带来的深刻变化;探讨构建社会主义和谐社会与保障妇女人权的关系;探讨妇女人权与法律的关系;探讨我国妇女人权在社会转型和经济转轨时期面临的挑战和障碍;提出通过法律的改革和创新,以机制和制度促进我国妇女人权发展的对策和建议。     

NIMBY Behavior in Epidemic Prevention and Control and Its Governance from the Rule of Law

COVID-19 prevention and control is a great test of the governance system and governance capability of our country.People of all ethnic groups and regions are helping one another to fight the epidemic together under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,and demonstrate the remarkable advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.But governing NIMBY behavior in the epidemic prevention and control work by rule of law is not only an important subject to promote the modernization of national governance capacity but also upholds the rule of law to protect human rights.It s a complex system mechanism that requires emergency management and rule of law advocacy working together,the implementation of good laws and flexible law enforcement moving forward together,and legal incentives and legal sanctions used together.     

中国共产党执政理念的新发展

中国共产党的执政理念是一个完整的体系,党的第三代领导集体围绕执政价值标准、执政核心、执政基础、执政要务、执政方式等重大执政问题,形成了“三个代表”重要思想,提出了立党为公、执政为民,扩大党的阶级基础和群众基础,发展是执政兴国的第一要务,科学发展观,科学执政、民主执政、依法执政等一系列新的执政理念,实现了中国共产党执政理念的新发展。     

论行刑法治

随着我国法治理念和法治事业的深入推进,尤其十八届四中全会明确提出了全面推进依法治国的重大决定,监狱行刑领域的法治问题开始进入公众视野和国家治理创新议程。依法治国在社会发展和国家建设中的重要作用已经凸显,其对于监狱活动的影响也日益加深。"行刑法治"既是对于行刑活动规范化要求和法治化构建的重要概括,也是我国现代监狱实践发展的指导思想和基本前提。因此,我们有必要立足于监狱行刑的基本理论,着重从学理层面探讨行刑法治的基本内涵、具体内容和重大意义,为监狱领域贯彻法治思想和法治理念寻求理论支撑和价值引导。     

非法证据排除规则的理论基础刍议

在注重人权保障的现代社会,诉讼人权的保障愈来愈受到人们的重视。确立非法证据排除规则,遏制非法取证行为,规范侦查权力的行使已成为国际刑事司法发展的趋势。当前,考量如何确立非法证据排除规则已成为重要课题。研究此课题,首要的前提就是要研究我国的非法证据排除规则的有关理论,进而确立以基本人权保障理论作为我国非法证据排除规则的理论基础。     

法治行政:对依法行政缺失的补救

受到“法治国”思想和中国传统法制思想的影响,中国学界对依法行政的理解还停留在形式法治层面。依法行政不以法治所蕴含的基本价值为内核,结果造成依法行政失去了灵魂,在实践中依法行政被狭隘地理解为依法办事、依法治理,于是“合法”侵犯公民权利的事件屡见不鲜。法治行政不仅包含依法行政的诸多要素,更强调依良法治理、人权保障,能有效矫治依法行政的弊端。     

以人为本:法律发展的价值之维

以人为本是法律发展最为基本的价值理念，这表现为法律发展有三个价值维度：法律发展的终极关怀是以人为本的价值指向，法律发展的现实关切是以人为本的实践取向，尊重和保护人权是以人为本的评价尺度。准确把握以人为本的这三个价值维度，有助于我们树立科学的法律发展观。     

Influence of Karl Marx's Concept of Human Rights on Development of International Human Rights Discourse and Its Enlightenment Thereon

The controversy between Karl Marx's concept of human rights and the Western liberal concept of human rights has been a focus of the contest between Eastern and Western values for a long time.Based on historical materialism,Marxism exposes the incompleteness of the Western liberal concept of human rights in terms of human rights subjects,human rights objects and epistemology of human rights,and promotes gradual integration of norms of international human rights discourse,with international human rights instruments as a carrier,into pluralistic cultural perspectives.A review of such controversy and its influence on development of norms of international human rights discourse will be in the interest of China's objective response to Western export of human rights(democracy) discourse for the time being,and expanding space for discourse on human rights practice with Chinese characteristics.     

宪政视野中的公民政治参与

宪政是以民主为基础,以法治为保障,以人权为终极目标的政治过程与政治状态。政治参与是公民通过一定途径与方式介入政治过程从而影响政治决策的政治行为。公民的政治参与是宪政实践的一项重要内容,对于建设社会主义法治国家,推动社会主义民主进程,最终促成社会主义政治文明有着深远的意义。