行政问责制的实施效果及其完善

行政问责制是建设责任政府、服务型政府、法治政府的重要内容.针对当前我国行政问责制存在的问题,文章提出了相应的对策措施：加强人大、纪委等问责主体的外部问责,提升行政机关法定代表人和社会民众的问责意识,加快行政问责立法,完善问责官员的复出机制.     

行政问责的伦理机制建构

行政问责伦理机制是能够在实践中对行政官员的思想观念和行为习惯产生潜移默化的影响和自我约束的一种责任机制。行政问责伦理机制建设不仅可以降低问责成本,还可以提升问责效力。当下我国行政问责过程面临着多种伦理困境,诸如决策责任与执行责任的偏向,直接责任与间接责任的悖论,同体问责与异体问责的冲突,政治道义责任替代的行政法律责任,问倒官员的力度与官员复出的速度的矛盾,公开问责与内部处理的博弈,等等。应该从转变制度设计的伦理基础,责任文化和责任伦理重塑,加强伦理立法和外部监督等方面推进行政问责伦理机制的构建与完善。     

我国问责官员复出机制的构建问题研究

构建科学有效的问责官员复出机制,对于建设责任政府和维护公众利益具有重大意义。问责官员复出机制具有静态结构、动态过程、生态环境、心态系统四个维度。目前,我国问责官员复出的规则体系不完善,官员问责与官员复出的程序断裂,问责官员复出的体制性弊端凸显,复出的内在调控力薄弱。建立统一的复出规则体系,构建责任分类管理机制,加强官员问责与官员复出的动态管理,完善复出中的异体参与机制,以及形成法律制度之外的柔性伦理建构和内在驱动机制,是防止问责官员非正常复出的策略选择。     

完善我国行政问责制的几点思考

行政组织及其官员应对其行政行为承担责任,这是建设法治政府、责任政府、推进政治文明的重要举措。现行行政问责制度设计的缺失,需要通过加强问责体系、异体问责、正当程序建设等措施不断完善。     

官员问责制之价值及其在我国的实行

2003年启动的政府官员问责制度,是中国行政改革的新亮点。它有助于建设责任政府,提高行政效率,推动干部制度改革。但是,官员问责制度在我国尚处起步阶段,存在官员权责不清、问责主体缺位、问责法律不健全、问责范围狭窄等方面的问题,需要进一步完善。     

政府问责制存在的问题及其对策选择

政府责任缺乏明确的界定、政府权力缺乏刚性的约束、对政府官员失责违规行为缺乏有效的追惩以及异体问责功能虚置等,是我国政府问责制建设中存在的主要问题。因此,必须加强政府责任立法,明确政府责任;强化制度建设,给政府权力以刚性约束;充分发挥人大、新闻舆论和人民群众对政府的监督与问责功能,实现异体问责为主和问责主体的多元化,增强政府对社会的回应度。     

当前我国问责复出机制存在的问题及对策

官员被问责后转瞬间复出,问责制滑向形式主义,变成"政治秀",这是目前我国责任政府建设遭遇到的一个尖锐问题。这种困境的出现与缺少规范化、程序化的问责复出法律制度和有效的社会监督机制等有关;与传统的吏治文化有关。完善问责复出机制需要革除"官本位"文化,严格官员复出程序,健全各种法律法规,加强社会监督。     

问责后官员的复出取向与职业发展

通过问责来限制和规范政府权力、责任和官员行为,最终达到权为民所用的目的,是建设现代服务型政府的必然内容。而被问责官员的出路往往备受公众关注,他们的任意复出、悄然复出、带病复出、低位复出、异地复出等诸多情形更是饱受诟病。学界和公众因此而质疑问责的真正效果。从人力资源管理视角看,问责制意味着退出机制的制度化、规     

官员问责难题与西方话语霸权祛魅

问责是以归因为基础，以课责为关键的反映问责人与责任人控权关系的机制。在学理上，官员问责存在职责交叉难题、责任归因难题、多种惩罚逻辑的课责难题，本质上是复杂治理形势与民主政治要求之间张力的产物，是全球公共行政现象。但西方学界对中国官员问责制存在两种话语霸权：一种社会中心主义问责观聚焦于选举政治上，关注于选民在问责上的主体地位，忽视国家自身的归因需求和课责能力，称中国没有问责制；一种中国威权主义问责观聚焦于课责机制上，认为中国威权国家政体“无需”和“无力”课责，带有明显的意识形态攻击。面对西方的问责话语霸权，国内问责研究需批判意识形态攻击，并摆脱理论贫困，从实践中挖掘中国官员问责特殊性，从理论上提升中国官员问责解释的普遍性。     

政府责任机制建设存在的主要问题及对策研究——以政府绩效评估为视角

伴随着新公共管理改革的推进,政府绩效评估作为新型政府治理工具,在当代中国公共管理改革实践过程中既表现出其管理主义导向下政府绩效治理功效,同时也表现出一种全新的政府责任治理内涵。然而,由于受政府绩效评估体系不健全、实效性不足、结果运用功能弱化以及配套制度整合性不够等因素的影响,现阶段我国政府责任机制存在结果导向理念淡薄、行政问责机制不健全、绩效责任落实较难、责任结构欠协调等问题。当前,亟需通过建立健全政府绩效评估体系,完善行政问责与责任追究制度,实现政府绩效评估与行政问责的制度整合,来解决好这些问题,加快推进政府责任机制建设。     

My Focus on Rural Revitalization

From the Report on the Work of the Government to the draft Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035,"rural revi-talization"has virtually become a hot topic for this year's sessions of China's top legislature and top political advi-sory body.Deputies to the 13th National People's Congress(NPC)and members of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)handed in their pieces of advice and proposal that aim to comprehensively promote the country's rural revitalization.     

How Political Accountability Undermines Public Service Ethics: the case of Hong Kong

Hong Kong's Principal Officials Accountability System (POAS) aims to create a coherent political leadership within the government whose members are responsible for policy decisions. POAS also aspires to better protect the professional integrity of a neutral public service. Since the implementation of POAS in 2002, the objective of enhancing political accountability has come into conflict with the protection of the integrity of the public service. The reason for this is twofold. First, a critical analysis has revealed major institutional defects in POAS, which have undermined the integrity of the public service. Second, a close examination of some recent incidents has established that the implementation of POAS under an increasingly politicized environment has undermined some core values traditionally nurtured by Hong Kong's public service.     

The Promising Development of China-EU Relations

OVER the past 46 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the European Union(EU),bilateral relations have experienced some setbacks,but dialogue and cooperation are the cornerstone of China-EU relations.Sharing broad common interests,their cooperation is greater than competition.The two major civilizations have dialogues and exchanges;they are not institutional rivals.China's 2021 Government Work Report outlines the direction and prospects for the development of Chi-na-EU relations.In the face of major changes unseen in a century,China-EU relations will continue to develop and deepen,which will have a positive and far-reaching impact on the world's political and economic pattern.     

Political Reform in Hong Kong: the Principal Officials Accountability System. The first year (2002–2003)

The new Principal Officials Accountability System (POAS), a proto-ministerial system, was established at the start of the Second Term of Office of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). This paper examines the setting-up of the POAS and reviews how it has functioned during its first year of life. Both the design and implementation of the POAS were characterized by undue haste. The establishing of the POAS intensified the debate on a range of matters as new ministers, senior civil servants and residents have come to terms with the detail of this novel arrangement. Discussions about political reform are set to intensify in the years to come. This article reviews the origins and deeper need for the POAS in Hong Kong before looking at the fundamentals of the new system. The nature of ‘accountability’ is then discussed prior to examining Hong Kong's experience with the POAS in action during its first year. The article also discusses the potential of the POAS to contribute to Hong Kong's overall political development.     

事业单位改革的五点思考

事业单位改革是中国改革的重要环节,其影响力和难度不亚于国有企业改革。本文着重围绕推进事业单位改革应考虑的五个方面进行深入探讨,提出了改革的前提是科学分类、支撑是理论构建、重点是体制机制、方法是积极稳妥、保障是法制建设的观点。     

Pursuing High-Quality Development and a Better Life

In early March,the annual sessions of the 13th National People's Congress(NPC)and the 13th National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)convened in Beijing.NPC deputies deliberated on and adopted the Report on the Work of the Government and the Outline for the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for Economic and Social Development and Long-Range Objectives through the Year 2035.The meetings provide the optimum time to unveil the political decision-making process in China,and showcase Chinas vows to modernize the country and further boost its economy and people's livelihood in 2021 and beyond.     

美国政府责任署人力资源管理改革与创新

作为模范的联邦机构和世界一流的专业组织,美国政府责任署(GAO)通过人力资本管理该组织获得了重生,组织绩效和员工绩效、工作满意度和团队合作能力均得到了提高。其改革的主要经验有:专业主义改革导向;能力导向的绩效评估;建立了一支专业化审计精英队伍;切实关注每一个员工的职业发展;通过继续专业教育保证员工的专业胜任能力;实行战略规划导向、基于能力发展的绩效管理;实行宽带薪酬体系及胜任力为导向的人力资源开发等。     

民国时期云南边疆鸦片种植抗铲事件探析

民国时期云南省政府一面采取鸦片禁种、禁运、禁吸的措施,另一方面又允许甚至鼓励地方民众种植大烟,以收烟亩罚金、产烟税与公卖烟等手段,获取巨大的经济利益。查铲烟苗的各级官吏收受贿赂、敲诈勒索和聚敛财物。云南边疆土司为了自身经济利益与政治利益,策动地方民众武力抗铲,抗铲事件频发。     

在第十三届夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式上的致辞

尊敬的施瓦布主席先生,尊敬的各位元首、政府首脑,尊敬的各位贵宾,女士们,先生们:很高兴与大家再次相聚在美丽的大连。首先,我谨代表中国政府,对第十三届夏季达沃斯论坛的召开,表示热烈祝贺!对远道而来的各位嘉宾和媒体界朋友,表示诚挚欢迎!     

China's 14th Five-Year Plan: Global Game Changer

The China skeptics are hard to please and anything the Chinese Government does will be viewed by them in a negative light. According to them, China’s rise should be feared, while forecasting China’s doom is smart thinking. But what is the real China and how to understand the nation from a more neutral perspective?