俄国石油业的发展与外国石油资本

19世纪后期到20世纪初,俄国石油业在先发性与相对滞后性的矛盾中发展。先发性指俄国是世界石油工业发展较早的地区之一;相对滞后性指与美国相比,俄国石油业在组织方面存在着差距。俄国因其石油资源丰富、利润丰厚成为国际石油资本角逐的场所。俄国外有美国石油资本的竞争,对内则引进欧洲石油资本。以诺贝尔公司为代表的欧洲石油资本不仅资金雄厚、技术先进,还得到俄国政府的支持。欧洲石油资本既推动了俄国石油业的发展,但又并非总能与俄国保持利益上的一致。     

2005年上半年俄罗斯对外贸易浅析

2005年上半年,俄罗斯对外贸易继续保持大幅度增长,与欧盟国家的贸易伙伴关系进一步密切.外贸出口增势强劲,外贸进口快速增长.对外贸易增长依赖国际市场能源、原材料有利行情的同时,国内需求增长对外贸的正面影响进一步显现.下半年俄罗斯对外贸易仍会平稳增长,但增势可能趋缓.     

俄罗斯与欧盟的经济关系

在当今的国际关系格局中,俄罗斯与欧盟的关系占据着重要的地位,其中双方的经济关系由于发展迅速更是备受世人关注。俄罗斯独立以来,特别是进入21世纪以后,出于各自的需要,俄欧双方积极展开了在贸易、投资和能源等经济领域的全面合作,并取得了相当大的成效。短期内,俄欧经济关系仍将维持以能源合作为主,其他合作为辅的基本格局,长期来看,俄欧经济关系能否取得突破主要还是取决于俄罗斯能否逐步完善市场经济体制的改革,改变畸形的经济结构并尽快恢复和扩大加工工业产品的出口。     

黑龙江省对俄经贸合作转型升级研究

随着中俄两国战略协作伙伴关系的深入发展,特别是俄罗斯加入WTO、全面实施远东大开发战略,我国实施东北振兴和沿边开发开放战略,为黑龙江省深化对俄经贸合作,实现对俄经贸合作创新发展与转型升级带来诸多机遇,也面临许多挑战。为此,黑龙江省应抢抓机遇,全力推动对俄经贸合作实现"五个"转变,打造完善"三个"平台;打造全国对俄经贸合作的大高地、第一大通道、外向型产业大基地,构建高层次的对俄经贸科技文化合作交流大平台;主动承接"两个"转移,积极扩大自俄进口规模,增加保税区,完善对俄营销网络,创新管理与服务,建设对俄电子商务运营与管理平台。     

The Komi of the Kola Peninsula within ethnographic descriptions and state policies

For more than 100 years, ethnographic accounts have highlighted the non-nativeness of the Komi diaspora to the Kola Peninsula, contrasting it with the indigenous Sami population. Their legal status there has been a vexed issue unresolved by Tsarist administrators, Soviet ethnic policies, present-day ideas of multiethnic civic nation, and global indigenous activism. In the everyday life, however, there are no apparent differences between the two ethnic groups and their traditional lifestyles in the rural area of Murmansk region. Juxtaposing historical ethnographic accounts on the Izhma Komi with my fieldwork experiences among the Komi on the Kola Peninsula, I show how ethnographers uphold dominant ideologies and promote different state policies. The ambiguous ethnic and indigenous categorizations from their accounts reverberate in popular stereotypes, political mobilizations from below, and state policies from above. In this way, they make an interesting case for the practical problems of generalization and essentialism.     

South Caucasus from 1918 to 1921: history and historical parallels with the contemporary era

The republics that make up the South Caucasus today gained brief independence after the fall of the Tsarist Empire, before the integration of the region into Bolshevik Russia. This period, even though short, gives interesting historical background to understand the present. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study the South Caucasian republics from 1918 to 1921 at the regional and international levels, paying particular attention to the historical continuities with the contemporary era (since 1991). The results of the study show three main parallels between the early twentieth century (1918–1921) and the present. First, the region is still internally divided (e.g. the unresolved conflicts). Second, externally, it is torn between sometimes opposing powers (e.g. Russia and the Western powers). Finally, third, the partnerships with international or regional powers still remain asymmetrical; consequently, the need to cooperate with Russia exceeds the aspirations of the Western powers toward the South Caucasus. Based on archival research, this study contributes to the historiography of the region and gives a framework for understanding the South Caucasus in contemporary international relations.     

俄罗斯加入世贸组织:影响美俄关系的《杰克逊—瓦尼克法案》能否被终止?

俄罗斯于2012年8月正式加入世界贸易组织。加入世贸组织,为俄罗斯加快经济发展提供了难得的发展机遇,但目前美国仍未给予俄罗斯永久正常贸易关系。影响美俄关系的《杰克逊—瓦尼克法案》能否被终止?《谢尔盖·马格尼茨基法案》能否成为替代品?这已成为今后一个时期美俄关系的重要风向标。     

西伯利亚大铁路建设方案述评

西伯利亚大铁路从最初的设计方案到最终变为现实经历了数十年的时间：19世纪30-50年代，提出最早的一批西伯利亚铁路设计方案；60-70年代，出现乌拉尔一西伯利亚铁路方案，其中的北线、南线和中线方案各有不同的支持者；80—90年代，各种较成熟的铁路设计方案纷纷出台。无论哪种设计方案，代表的都是不同集团的利益，乌拉尔和欧俄的工厂主在其中扮演着重要角色。     

IS THIS RUSSIA’S MOMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST?

Sir Jeremy Greenstock, formerly British permanent representative to the UN, who has had long experience of dealing with Russia in the context of diplomacy, considers whether the current moment of Russian dominance in Syria and the Middle East, combined with the recent general disengagement of the western powers in the region, could be considered as marking the beginning of a general period of Russian hegemony in the Middle East. The article takes into account the global geopolitical situation, the recent history of Russia and the Middle East, the consequences of western intervention in Iraq, and the motivations of the Russian government particularly in view of its recent engagement in Ukraine.     

Economic effects estimation for the Eurasian Economic Union: Application of regional linear regression

This paper aims to provide a coherent analysis of the economic impact accession to the Eurasian Economic Union has had on the economies of current member states and what affect membership would have on the economy of Azerbaijan. By applying a Linear Regression Model we find that membership to this regional bloc has yielded minimal financial benefits for the existing members. However, for most states, accession has increased the trade deficit with Russia and that a membership would likely produce a similar negative outcome for Azerbaijan in addition to undermining national economic and energy policy making.