Are the major risk/need factors predictive of both female and male reoffending?: a test with the eight domains of the level of service/case management inventory

The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) and the Youth version (YLS/CMI) generate an assessment of risk/need across eight domains that are considered to be relevant for girls and boys and for women and men. Aggregated across five data sets, the predictive validity of each of the eight domains was gender-neutral. The composite total score (LS/CMI total risk/need) was strongly associated with the recidivism of males (mean r = .39, mean AUC = .746) and very strongly associated with the recidivism of females (mean r = .53, mean AUC = .827). The enhanced validity of LS total risk/need with females was traced to the exceptional validity of Substance Abuse with females. The intra-data set conclusions survived the introduction of two very large samples composed of female offenders exclusively. Finally, the mean incremental contributions of gender and the gender-by-risk level interactions in the prediction of criminal recidivism were minimal compared to the relatively strong validity of the LS/CMI risk level. Although the variance explained by gender was minimal and although high-risk cases were high-risk cases regardless of gender, the recidivism rates of lower risk females were lower than the recidivism rates of lower risk males, suggesting possible implications for test interpretation and policy.     

试析我国行政收费法治化的路径

行政收费在经济上和行政管理上都具有毋庸置疑的存在合理性,但由于国家缺乏严格的法律规范和控制,直接导致了行政收费的泛滥,严重损害了政府的形象和相对人的利益。因此,从法治的视角解读行政收费存在的问题,进而为行政收费找出一条法治路径,无疑具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。     

论我国民事检察监督制度的缺陷及完善

我国现行的民事检察监督制度是采用事后监督的方式即抗诉制度来对民事审判活动实行法律监督,其直接的目的在于保护诉讼当事人的合法民事权益。在我国现阶段,检察机关的抗诉监督既不能取消,也不能弱化,而是应当进一步加强和完善,使之在程序上更合理,更具有实效性     

A Longitudinal Investigation of the Development of Weight and Muscle Concerns Among Preadolescent Boys

The study examined the impact of body mass index (BMI), negative affect, self-esteem, and sociocultural influences in the development of weight and muscle concerns among preadolescent boys. Body dissatisfaction, importance placed on weight and muscles, weight loss strategies, and strategies to increase muscles were evaluated. Participants were 237 boys aged between 8 and 11 years who were tested at three assessment periods 8 months apart. The main predictor of boys’ body change strategies was their perceived pressures to modify weight and muscles from parents, peers, and the media. The other main predictor of boys’ body change strategies and the sole predictor of body dissatisfaction was BMI. Self-esteem and negative affect were found to be weak and generally nonsignificant predictors of boys’ body image concerns and body change strategies. Additional studies that examine the risk and protective factors associated with boys’ weight and muscle concerns are needed to assist in the development of prevention programs for preadolescent boys.Lina Ricciardelli is an Associate Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1990 from the University of Adelaide, Australia. Her research interests are body image concerns, disordered eating and substance abuse among youth.Marita McCabe is a Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1981 from Macquarie University, Australia. Her research interests are in body image across the lifespan, sexuality, and chronic illnessJess Lillis is graduate student at Deakin University, She completed her undergraduate work in 2000 at Deakin University, Her research interests are body image concerns and negative affect among youthResearch Fellow at Deakin University, She received her D Psych in 2000 from Deakin University, Her interests are in disordered eating and depression among adolescents     

从朝鲜二度核试验透视《不扩散核武器条约》的缺陷

继2006年10月9日朝鲜宣布进行了首次核试验后,2009年5月25日,朝鲜突然宣布"成功进行第二次核试验",不计后果地挑战国际社会。朝核危机彰显了《不扩散核武器条约》的不足。虽然该条约在实现全面彻底核裁军、维护世界和平与安全的国际法制进程中具有划时代的意义,但条约也存在某些概念模糊不清、对非核武器缔约国的歧视、退出条款限制不够、国际原子能机构的核查权限等问题。要真正实现全面彻底防核扩散的目标,国际社会需要努力地对条约做出合理的修订和完善,倡导以条约为基础的多边合作。     

社会治理现代化视域下工会职能实现问题研究

工会参与社会治理是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求,也是一项复杂的系统工作.在社会治理现代化视域下,工会组织要发挥好自身优势,创新参与社会治理的手段,夯实各项职能,才能更好地维护、服务职工群众,发挥桥梁和纽带作用,为实现"两个一百年"奋斗目标和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦作出贡献.     

世界经济调整与外向型经济转型升级——以山东为例

国际金融危机爆发以来,世界经济进入低速增长期,经济结构和增长模式面临调整和转型,全球化进程受阻,世界经济格局多极化趋势更加明显.严峻复杂的国际经济环境给我国外向型经济带来巨大冲击,必须加快外向型经济转型升级.从山东的情况看,要积极主动调整外向型经济结构,加快对外贸易、利用外资、对外投资等发展方式转变,切实提高外向型经济的竞争力,再创外向型经济发展新优势.     

我国医院和谐劳资关系构建的思考——北京D医院协调劳资关系的基本经验

随着医疗卫生体制改革和事业单位改革的逐步推进,由劳资冲突引发的医院员工群体性事件不断涌现。如何构建医院和谐劳资关系,北京D医院的基本经验可以归纳为,院领导独特人格魅力、医院文化、工会主席的贴心"娘家人"作风、奖金激励机制、内部劳动力市场创建,这种制造同意模式,是布洛维"制造同意"和葛兰西"文化霸权"的混合模式。     

Contract Management from the Perspectives of Bureaucrats and Contractors: A Case Study of Hong Kong

New Public Management (NPM) encourages private sector participation in the provision and delivery of public services through outsourcing. Bureaucrats and contractors assess the values, processes, and outcomes of contract management differently. This study adopts transaction cost economics (TCE), the resource-based view (RBV), and the principal–agent theory to analyze Hong Kong bureaucrats’ and contractors’ views on contract management. It finds that both groups are critical of the existing contract management system in Hong Kong. The study shows that the government’s neglect of the risks is causing transaction costs because it lacks a proper monitoring mechanism, two-way communication channels, and appropriate training, and because of contract complications and issues of accountability. There is insufficient proof to assert that the government purposefully conceals these risks, but they are not properly addressed.