The Economics of Communist Party Membership: The Curious Case of Rising Numbers and Wage Premium during China's Transition

Cities, Poverty, and Development: Urbanization in the Third World. By Alan Gilbert and Josef Gugler. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982. Pp. ix + 246. £15 and £6.95. ISBN 0 19 874083 2 and 874084 0.

Urbanization in Contemporary Latin America: Critical Approaches to the Analysis of Urban Issues. Edited by Alan Gilbert in association with Jorge Hardoy and Ronaldo Ramirez. Chichester: Wiley, 1982. Pp. xv + 286. £26. ISBN 0 471 101834.

National Urbanization Policy in Developing Countries. By Bertrand Renaud. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the World Bank, 1981. Pp. x + 181. £12 and £5.95. ISBN 0 19 520264 3 and 520265 1.

Towards a Political Economy of Urbanization in Third World Countries. Edited by Helen Safa. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1983. Pp. xvi + 315. £4.95. ISBN 0 19 561307 4.

Survey of Slum and Squatter Settlements. By United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (UNCHS/Habitat). Dublin: Tycooly International Publishing, 1982. Pp. ix + 197. £17.50 and £11.50. ISBN 0 907567 24 X and 25 8.     

Quality of low secure services in the UK: development and use of the Quality of Environment In Low Secure Services (QELS) checklist

Low secure services provide care for psychiatric patients whose risk cannot be safely managed in other settings. The physical environment in these units plays an important role in supporting recovery and risk management. We developed the Quality of Environment in Low secure Services (QELS) checklist to assess the quality of the physical environment of these services. Using recommendations from previously published standards we piloted a draft checklist with a weighted scoring system reflecting the views of patients and providers. The checklist showed good criterion validity and inter-rater reliability. Data collected from 33 low secure services showed considerable variation in the quality of the physical environment. The QELS checklist provides an accessible and reliable means for managers and clinicians to assess whether the quality of the physical environment of low secure units meets recommended standards and can be used to support efforts to improve the quality of care delivered by these services.     

Deradicalisation,disengagement, rehabilitation and reintegration of violent extremists in conflict-affected contexts: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT

This article identifies, assesses and synthesises existing literature on deradicalisation, disengagement, rehabilitation and reintegration (DDRR) in conflict-affected states through a systematic literature review. While existing research has methodological shortcomings and determining the outcomes of DDRR programmes is challenging, 12 common themes surfaced in the synthesis. According to the studies selected, varying experiences of the individuals in violent extremist organisations, including form of engagement, role in the organisation and experiences of insecurity and disillusion, may affect DDRR processes. Capacity and resource constrains may pose challenges to DDRR programming in conflict-affected contexts, but engaging former extremists, their families and communities at large mitigates the issues characteristic for conflict-affected contexts and contributes to wider peace-building objectives.     

Building peace through education

ABSTRACT

Can we pave the way to world peace through education of the next generation? This paper focuses on how teaching social and emotional learning (SEL) skills in schools could promote the positive development of children and youth so that they can choose prosocial, nonviolent ways of building relationships with others. First, research on how belonging and fairness develop early in life is briefly reviewed. Then the authors introduce SEL and the research supporting its impact, and explain how it can be supported through various strategies in the classroom, including programs, teacher–student relationships, cooperative learning, approaches to discipline, and solving problems and dealing with conflict peacefully. Building peace by promoting social and emotional development through education offers hope for future generations.     

试论美国的文化价值观与外交

文化价值观在很大程度上是指人们对其周围事物的认识,通常具有相对的稳定性和持久性。美国的文化价值观主要包括宗教信仰观、“一体化”文化观、“使命”观以及个人主义价值观。美国外交政策的制定和出台无一不受到这些价值观的影响,全面了解美国的文化价值观,将有助于我们更深刻地剖析和理解美国的外交政策。     

农村“小产权房”法律问题研究

随着小产权房销售的不断升温,由小产权房引发的一系列问题也不断凸显,引起了社会的关注。什么是农村小产房、导致小产权房产生的原因有哪些、小产权房的存在带来了哪些风险,该如何解决小产权问题,文章围绕上述四个方面进行了一系列的阐述。     

毛泽东称赞初唐马周的才德

毛泽东读<旧唐书>、<新唐书>中的<马周传>时,留下许多圈点、批注,对马周甚为赞赏.他曾经这样评价马周的<陈时政疏>:"贾生<治安策>以后第一奇文.宋人万言书,如苏轼之流所为者,纸上空谈耳.""傅说、吕望,何足道哉.马周才德,迥乎远矣."贾生即贾谊,西汉著名政论家.毛泽东说过,贾谊的<治安策>"是西汉一代最好的政论",好就好在"全文切中当时事理,有一种颇好的气氛".     

百草枯类似物的合成及其还原产物GC/MS确认

目的为实现百草枯在GC/MS或GC上精准定量,必须加入百草枯类似物作为内标。方法用联吡啶和碘代乙烷(碘代异丙烷)反应,自主合成了乙基百草枯和异丙基百草枯,并考察了百草枯类似物用硼氢化钠还原后的多种产物。结果确证了百草枯类似物的各种还原产物。主产物除了完全还原产物之外,也包括含有一个双键的还原产物。本文介绍了自主合成乙基百草枯和异丙基百草枯的方法,考察了它们作为百草枯内标的可能性。结论乙基百草枯和异丙基百草枯作为内标物为生物样品中百草枯定量奠定了基础。     

浅议完善我国劳动法律制度建设的方法

加强社会主义法律体系建设,形成法制完备的劳动关系法律制度,是构建和谐稳定劳动关系的根本保障。法制完备是法治国家的重要标志之一,是依法治国、依法治会的首要前提。目前,我国已形成一套劳动法律体系,但随着经济社会发展,仍需不断调整完善,如提高法律刚性措施,对集体行动权进行立法,明确法律责任与罚则等。     

DNATyper^TM21试剂盒的法医学验证

目的测试DNATyper^TM21试剂盒的技术性能指标,评估其法医学应用价值。方法从灵敏度、种属特异性、准确性、耐受性、适应性、一致性、均衡性、混合样本、稳定性等九个方面对该试剂盒进行测试。结果DNATyper^TM21具有良好的种属特异性、准确性、适应性、均衡性和稳定性,试剂盒的灵敏度达到0.125ng,能检测案件中常见的不同类型的检材,对降解检材及抑制剂具有一定的耐受性,能检测4:1比例的混合DNA样本并得到正确分型。结论DNATyper^TM21试剂盒的性能指标达到了STR检测试剂盒的技术水平,可用于个体识别、亲权鉴定及法医遗传学分析。