法医STR分型电泳凝胶稳定参数的探讨

目的探讨对法医STR基因分型检测使用的毛细管电泳筛分介质进行评价的参数,为电泳凝胶验证评价提供参考指标。方法采用ABI 3130xl遗传分析仪,以3130 POP-4TM凝胶为筛分介质,以分子量内标GS500LIZ和Typer500为样本,多批次进行毛细管电泳;对原始数据进行分组统计,得到单碱基对相对迁移时间及其相对标准偏差（RSD）。结果分子量内标GS500LIZ和Typer500在POP-4TM凝胶中电泳,单碱基对相对迁移时间的统计结果表现趋势相似,即随着DNA片段增大,单碱基对相对迁移时间的均值减小,标准差及相对标准偏差增大。组间方差分析结果符合方差齐性,P〈0.01,组间多重比较,P〈0.000 28（Bonferron校正）。结论单碱基对相对迁移时间的相对标准偏差（RSD）是毛细管电泳重现性的重要参数,可为凝胶研发和验证提供参考性指标。     

The maharishi effect: A model for social improvement. Time series analysis of a phase transition to reduced crime in merseyside metropolitan area

Abstract

Time series analysis was used to test the hypothesis that Merseyside crime rate was reduced by a group practising Maharishi Mahesh Yogi's Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi programme. Previous research suggests that a phase transition to increased orderliness u evidenced by reduced crime rate should occur when the group size approaches the square root of 1% of the total population. Analysis of Merseyside monthly crime data and coherence group size from 1978 to 1991 shows that a phase transition occurred during March 1988 with a 13.4% drop in crime when the group size first exceeded the √1 % or Maharishi Effect threshold (p < 0.00006). Up to 1992, Merseyside crime rate has remained steady in contrast to the national crime rate which has increased by 45%. In 1987 Merseyside had the third highest rime rate of the eleven largest Metropolitan Areas in England and Wales; by 1992 it had the lowest crime rate. 40% below levels predicted by the previous behaviour of the series. There were 255,000 less crimes in Merseyside from 1988 to 1992 than would have been expected had Merseyside continued to follow the national crime trend. Home Office figures indicate savings to Merseyside could exceed £1250 million for the five year period. Demographic changes, economic variables, police practice, and other factors could not account for the changes.     

血栓调节蛋白表达与大鼠脑挫伤时间的相关性

目的观察大鼠实验性脑挫伤后不同时问内脑组织、血浆中血栓调节蛋白（TM）的变化,探讨其与损伤经过时间的关系。方法参照Feeney’S法建立大鼠脑挫伤模型,在伤后1h、4h、8h、12h、24h、3d、7d7个时问点提取心帆及脑组织检材,运用酶联免疫法（ELISA法）检测f血浆TM含量,用免疫组织化学方法检测脑组织中TM刖性表达。检测数据应川SPSS13．0统计软件分析处理。结果与对照组比较,TM的阳性表达、IOD值和血浆含量存挫伤后4h开始增加,至24h达到高峰,随后逐渐减少,伤后3dTM血浆含量仍高于对照组,7d后基本恢复至对照纰水平。伤后4h～3d之间各组与对照组比较均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论脑挫伤后TM表达随时间变化的规律性有助于推断呐损伤时间。     

广西苗族人群15个STR基因座的多态性调查

目的调查广西苗族人群无关个体的15个STR基因座(D8S1179、D21S11、D7S820、CSF1PO、D3S1358、TH01、D13S317、D16S539、D2S1338、D19S433、vWA、TPOX、D18S51、D5S818、FGA)多态性,研究其在法医学检验中的应用价值。方法应用AmpFlSTRIdentifilerTM荧光标记复合扩增系统对274例广西苗族无关个体血样DNA进行15个STR基因座的复合扩增,用ABI3100遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测,用GeneScan、GenoTyper软件进行基因分型,统计计算15个STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果IdentifilerTM荧光标记系统的15个STR基因座在广西苗族人群的累积偶合率为5.04×10-17,累积非父排除率分别为0.9999993。结论该15个STR基因座可满足广西苗族人群法医学的个体识别及亲权鉴定的需要。     

广东省瑶族人群15个STR基因座的多态性调查

目的调查广东省瑶族人群无关个体 15个STR基因座 (D3S135 8、TH0 1、D2 1S11、D18S5 1、PentaE、D5S818、D13S317、D7S82 0、D16S5 39、CSF1PO、PentaD、vWA、D8S1179、TPOX、FGA)的多态性 ,研究其在法医学检验中的应用价值。方法应用PowerplexTM16荧光标记复合扩增系统对 2 2 2例广东省瑶族无关个体血样DNA进行 15个STR基因座的复合扩增 ,用ABI 310 0遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测 ,用GeneScan、GenoTyper软件进行基因分型 ,统计计算 15个STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果PowerplexTM16荧光标记系统的 15个STR基因座在广东省瑶族人群的累积偶合率为 7 5 8× 10 - 17,三联体累积非父排除率为 0 999998,二联体累积非父排除率为 0 9996 6。结论本研究 15个STR基因座可满足广东省瑶族人群法医学的个体识别及亲权鉴定的需要。     

天津地区朝鲜族9个STR基因座遗传多态性

目的　调查天津地区朝鲜族人群无关个体 9个STR基因座 (D3S135 8、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D2 1S11、D18S5 1、D5S818、D13S17、D7S82 0 )多态性分布 ,研究其在法医学检验中的应用。方法　应用AmpFLSTR○R　ProfilerPlusTM荧光标记复合扩增系统对 184例天津地区朝鲜族无关个体血样DNA进行 9个STR基因座的复合扩增 ,用ABI310遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测 ,用GeneScan、GenoTyper软件进行基因分型 ,统计计算 9个STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果　该群体上述 9个STR基因座检出的等位基因及其基因型多态性分布良好 ,经校验 ,符合Hardy Weinberg平衡定律 ,累计个体识别力 (TDP)为 0 99999999996 ,偶合率为 4 .0 6×10 - 11,累积非父排除能力 (PE)为 0 9899。结论　上述 9个STR基因座适用于本地区该群体各类案件的法医学个体识别和亲权鉴定。     

应用DNA Typer15TM Direct试剂盒对河南地区汉族人群14个基因座遗传多态性的调查

目的调查河南地区汉族人群14个STR基因座的遗传多态性。同时简要介绍本实验室建库流程。方法应用DNA Typer15TM Direct试剂盒检测359名河南地区汉族无关个体14个STR基因座的等位基因频率,并应用统计软件计算群体遗传学参数。结果 14个STR基因座的基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05),14个基因座的杂合度(H)在0.694～0.922之间,匹配概率(Pm)在0.017～0.131之间,个人识别率(PD)在0.869～0.983之间,多态信息含量(PIC)在0.670～0.910之间,非父排除概率(PE)在0.418～0.841之间。结论 14个STR基因座在河南汉族人群中有较高的多态性,所得的群体遗传学数据可为法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定提供结果评估的依据。应用DNA Typer 15TM Direct试剂盒构建DNA数据库简单经济实用。     

Application of RapidHITTM 200 System in Forensic MedicineCSCD

Objective: To validate the analysis capability of RapidHITTM 200 system for four kinds of routine forensic samples and the recyclable capability of template, template DNA and PCR products in the process of twice duplicate detection. Methods: The buccal swabs underwent the test twice by RapidHITTM 200 system, and the template DNA and PCR products that arose in the system were also tested for two times. After four kinds of routine forensic samples were detected by RapidHITTM 200 system, the follow- up tests of the template, template DNA and PCR products that arose in the system were performed. Results: The STR loci could be detected in the buccal swabs by the system for the first time. However, part of the STR loci lost during the second test. And the peak value obtained in the second test was significantly reduced than the one in the first time. The average STR loci detection rates of the template DNA and PCR products were both less than 50% in the second test, which were significantly reduced than that in the first test. In addition, the analysis capability of the system for the tissues and buccal swabs was better than that for the blood and cigarette butts. Compared with the first test, the STR loci detection rate of the tested items, template DNA and PCR products decreased with the numbers of tests. Conclusion: RapidHITTM 200 system is more effective in retesting buccal swabs than other samples, whereas the items, DNA template, PCR products obtained in the first and second time cannot be directly used for the further application and study of forensic medicine. © 2018 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.     

用Oasis^TM固相柱研究检测腐败生物组织中的吗啡

目的建立一种适合大批量腐败生物检材的标准化分析测定方法。方法应用新型亲水亲酯的OasisTM固相柱,并使用Zymark全自动固相萃取仪,对腐败生物组织中的吗啡进行检测。结果与传统的C18固相柱相比较,OasisTM固相柱具有选择范围广、吸附能力强的特点,其方法操作简单、快速、重现性好及回收率高。结论该方法可应用于案件的检测工作。