共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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microRNA(miRNA或miR)是一类21~25 nt大小的单链非编码RNA,在生物体内广泛存在,并调节基因表达。近年来与心血管疾病发生、发展相关的miRNA不断有报道。本文综述了miRNA的研究进展,从心肌组织和循环血液中的miRNA两方面综述miRNA在心血管疾病中的作用,并探讨miRNA在心源性猝死法医学鉴定中的可能应用。 相似文献
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死亡原因分析是法医学研究的热点和难点,而死亡原因的准确判断对司法实践的定罪量刑和公平公正至关重要。非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,nc RNA)是在基因表达中发挥重要作用的表观遗传分子,其作为关键因子参与了各种生理学和病理学的过程。随着检测技术的发展逐渐显露出nc RNA如微小RNA(micro RNA,mi RNA)、环状RNA(circular RNA,circ RNA)和长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)等在法医学实践中的巨大潜力,并为死亡原因的分析提供了新的思路和方法。本文将对nc RNA在机械系窒息、心源性猝死、自杀以及其他死亡原因分析中的研究进展进行阐述,并对其在死亡原因分析中的研究价值和应用前景进行了讨论。 相似文献
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本文从三个方面进行论述,即法医学鉴定意见的案情趋向性;法医学鉴定中的案情资料价值;法医学鉴定的科学局限性。从而说明法医学鉴定在很多情况下依赖案情,对法医学鉴定意见进行审查判断十分必要。 相似文献
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传染病死者的尸体解剖对于公共卫生事件的管理具有重要意义。由于多种原因限制,新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情发生以来,对2019新型冠状病毒感染死者进行法医学尸体解剖的数量较少,使法医学在传染病防治中的作用未能及时发挥。虚拟解剖(virtual autopsy,virtopsy)对传染病死者尸体的检验具有独特的优势,积累虚拟解剖影像学资料对COVID-19的病理机制研究及临床诊治具有重要意义。本文介绍了COVID-19的病理学和影像学改变的对应关系以及虚拟解剖在传染病尸体检验中的应用,旨在为法医工作者在COVID-19疫情中开展虚拟解剖检验提供参考。 相似文献
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Carolyn A. Lewis B.S. Tiffany R. Layne M.S. Sarah J. Seashols‐Williams Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(6):1823-1830
Molecular‐based approaches for biological source identification are of great interest in the forensic community because of a lack of sensitivity and specificity in current methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered due to their robust nature and tissue specificity; however, analysis requires a separate RNA extraction, requiring an additional step in the forensic analysis workflow. The purpose of this study was to evaluate miRNA detection in blood, semen, and saliva using DNA extraction methods commonly utilized for forensic casework. RT‐qPCR analysis revealed that the tested miRNAs were consistently detectable across most tested DNA extraction methods, but detection was significantly reduced compared to RNA extracts in some biological fluids. DNase treatment was not necessary to achieve miRNA‐specific results. A previously developed miRNA panel for forensic body fluid identification was evaluated using DNA extracts, and largely demonstrated concordance with results from samples deriving from RNA extracts of semen, blood, and saliva. 相似文献
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Zheng Wang Ph.D. Ji Zhang Ph.D. Wei Wei Ph.D. Di Zhou M.D. Haibo Luo Ph.D. Xiaogang Chen Ph.D. Yiping Hou Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(3):702-706
In the forensic science community, microRNA (miRNA) profiling has started to be explored as an alternative tool for body fluid identification. Several origins of body fluid can be distinguished by measuring differential expression patterns of particular miRNAs. However, most of reported saliva miRNAs are nonoverlapping and debatable. The aim of this study was to develop a strategy of identifying saliva using miRNA biomarkers for forensic purpose. Eight miRNA candidates were selected to examine expression abundance in forensically relevant body fluids using hydrolysis probes quantitative real‐time PCR (TaqMan qPCR). Results revealed that none of them was truly saliva specific, and only miR‐200c‐3p, miR‐203a, and miR‐205‐5p were higher or more moderate expression in saliva. A stepwise strategy that combines each of three miRNAs with different body fluid‐specific miRNAs was developed, and three miRNA combinations could effectively differentiate saliva from other body fluids. 相似文献
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Changes in plasm isoenzymic spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), a glycolytic enzyme, were studied in death of cardiovascular diseases, ethanol poisoning and a mechanical injury. The tests used electrophoresis in 1% solution of agarose. Isoenzymic composition differed between the groups with acute coronary failure, chronic coronary heart disease, alcohol cardiomyopathy and a mechanical injury. Ethanol poisoning caused two types of characteristic shifts in LDG isoenzymic spectrum. Nomograms were designed for practical application in forensic medical expertise of sudden death. 相似文献
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微量模板DNA的分析,一直是法医学特别关注和急需解决的难题之一,近年发展起来的一系列技术为解决这一问题提供了新的可能途径,本文即对微量模板DNA分析技术的进展和目前逐步发展的全基因组扩增技术的法医学应用价值、结果评价进行浅议。 相似文献