四川五十年大事辑要(四)

中华人民共和国 194 9年 10月 1日诞生后不久 ,当年底四川获得解放 ,随之四川省党政机构相继建立。 194 9～ 1999年 ,四川全境解放 50年 ,四川如何从半殖民地半封建社会跨入社会主义社会 ?50年中有哪些曲折和辉煌 ?中共四川省委党史研究室撰写的《四川五十年大事辑要》 ,就这些问题 ,可从中了解四川 50年历程的梗概。     

The Rule of Law and the Rule of Empire: A.V. Dicey in Imperial Context

The idea of the rule of law, more ubiquitous globally today than ever before, owes a lasting debt to the work of Victorian legal theorist A. V. Dicey. But for all of Dicey's influence, little attention has been paid to the imperial entanglements of his thought, including on the rule of law. This article seeks to bring the imperial dimensions of Dicey's thinking about the rule of law into view. On Dicey's account, the rule of law represented a distinctive English civilisational achievement, one that furnished a liberal justification for British imperialism. And yet Dicey was forced to acknowledge that imperial rule at times required arbitrariness and formal inequality at odds with the rule of law. At a moment when the rule of law has once more come to license all sorts of transnational interventions by globally powerful political actors, Dicey's preoccupations and ambivalences are in many ways our own.     

鸡阿奇霉素急性中毒的病理学研究

以大发乌骨蛋鸡为研究对象,采用一次性灌胃给药法进行阿奇霉素的急性毒性试验,研究了试验鸡对阿奇霉素的毒性反应和病理变化.结果显示,阿奇霉素对鸡的半数致死量为4.57 g/kg,雏鸡急性中毒20 min后,出现明显的临床症状,主要表现为精神委靡,呼吸困难,食欲减退,且呈明显的量效关系.组织病理学变化主要为肝细胞颗粒变性和脂肪变性;肺淤血;肾小管上皮细胞和消化道黏膜上皮变性坏死.证实,阿奇霉素急性中毒会广泛损害雏鸡肝、肺、肾和肠等多种组织器官,甚至引起这些组织器官的变性坏死.     

参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗2型糖尿病临床观察

目的:观察参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗2型糖尿病的疗效。方法:60例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为两组,治疗组30例,用参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗;对照组30例,单用诺和灵50R治疗。12周后观察疗效,监测空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、中餐前血糖、晚餐前血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)。结果:治疗后两组患者血糖均得到良好控制,两组血糖值和HbA1C比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗组诺和灵50R治疗有效剂量较对照组节约20%(P<0.01),治疗组出现1例低血糖反应,对照组出现8例低血糖反应,与治疗组有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R降低血糖作用明显,可减少诺和灵50R用量,且安全性好。     

氧乐氰菊的毒理试验

目的研究氧乐氰菊的毒理作用.方法复制小白鼠、家兔氧乐氰菊中毒模型,测定小白鼠经口LD50、腹腔注射致死剂量和死亡时间,观察家兔中毒表现及病理改变.结果小白鼠经口LD50为36.64mg/kg.腹腔注射致死量为10mg/kg,腹腔注射后出现中毒时间为1min,出现死亡时间为4.5min,家兔中毒后出现系列的有机磷酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类农药中毒的病理改变.结论研究结果对指导氧乐氰菊中毒的法医病理检验及毒物分析具有实用意义.     

小反刍兽疫病毒非结构蛋白V基因的克隆及其编码蛋白的结构与功能

采用RT-PCR技术从小反刍兽疫病毒总RNA中扩增到P基因一段896bp序列,克隆至pET-30a(+)载体中,对其进行最大开放阅读框691位定点突变(插入一个G碱基),获得小反刍兽疫病毒V基因,利用生物信息学软件对麻疹病毒属V蛋白氨基酸序列进行比对,同时使用I-TASSER服务器对小反刍兽疫病毒V蛋白三级结构进行同源建模,分析其结构与功能。结果显示,小反刍兽疫病毒V蛋白氨基酸序列与麻疹病毒、犬瘟热病毒、牛瘟病毒和海豹瘟病毒V蛋白的相似性分别为61.1%、56.0%、61.7%和51.7%,三级结构预测显示V蛋白由多α-螺旋的N-端结构域、中间结构域和含锌指结构的C-端结构域组成。本研究成功克隆了小反刍兽疫病毒V基因,预测分析了V蛋白结构和功能的关系,为其分子生物学和功能的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

新城疫病毒F48E9株V基因的表达及其抗血清的制备

采用PCR方法从鸡源新城疫病毒(NDV)强毒F48E9株P基因重组质粒中扩增出了V 基因全长cDNA,并引进相应的突变位点,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体,然后亚克隆到原核表达载体 pET-30c上,重组质粒经酶切、PCR鉴定及测序,筛选出阳性重组质粒,并命名为pET-30c-V。将 pET-30c-V转化大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3),用1 mmol／L IPTG 37℃过夜诱导表达,SDS-PAGE 及Western-blotting分析结果表明,所表达的NDV V重组蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,分子质量约28 ku,与理论值大小相符。将包涵体用8 mol／L脲变性,经Ni-NTA柱纯化,透析复性,得到纯化的V蛋白。用复性后的V蛋白免疫21日龄SPF鸡(300 μg／只),成功制备了抗鸡NDV V蛋白的抗血清。     

政策分析的主要类型及其评述

通过梳理托马斯·戴逸、卡尔·帕顿、大卫·沙维奇、威廉·邓恩、斯图亚特·S.内格尔、叶海卡·德罗尔、戈登等代表人物的重要观点,可以认为政策分析理论从不同角度看存在政策分析与政策倡议、研究型分析与快速分析、前瞻性分析与回溯性分析、内容分析与过程分析、微观分析与宏观分析、政策的分析与为政策进行的分析等六大类型。通过类型研究,可以更多了解政策分析的范畴、多样性和目标差异等。     

Soviet musicology and the ‘nationalities question’: the case of latvia

Nation branding, as a phenomenon, is attracting increasing scholarly attention. However, much of the existing literature has been written by those involved in the public relations industry themselves. There have been some studies which have been written from a critical viewpoint; however, the tensions of branding a nation have often been neglected. This paper aims to explore the inherent tensions between nation branding and nation building. To what extent is nation branding a tool or a practice? What images of the nation do branders seek to promote, and who is this image for? Is nation branding merely a more palatable version of nationalism? In particular this paper focuses on the debates surrounding the launch of Brand Estonia in 2001/2. Brand Estonia, with the slogan Welcome to Estonia: Positively Transforming, was launched to coincide with Estonia staging the Eurovision Song Contest in 2002. It is a unique and interesting case study given the level of controversy that the initiative generated amongst the Estonian public. Estonia was the first Former Soviet Republic to launch a nation branding project and, perhaps more controversially, it was managed by a British-based company, Interbrand. However, little scholarly attention has been paid to public-level discourses concerning Brand Estonia. The empirical findings discussed in this article highlight some of the more salient narratives on national identity that Brand Estonia engendered and therefore aims to fill this gap.     

俄罗斯税制改革的政治影响分析

普京上台伊始,即把发展经济、建立强大的国家确定为俄联邦的首要任务。普京认为,使俄罗斯失去其国际强势地位和独立性的很大原因是国家税收乏力,因此俄罗斯当务之急是尽快改革原有的税制结构和税收制度①。在普京的大力推动下,俄罗斯进行了大规模税制改革。以简化税制、减少税种、降低税率、减轻税负为核心的税制改革取得了很大成功,使俄罗斯“成为一个建立了良好税收制度的国家”。在此基础上,普京提出了进一步深化税改,在今后两年内全面完成税收改革的新的奋斗目标。