大学生明礼崇德基本价值及实现路径探析

文化对人的影响是潜移默化和深远持久的。明礼崇德作为中国传统文化的精髓,它扎根于五千年的历史文化积淀中,具象于人们的言行举止中。同时作为一种向善文化,它又影响着一代又一代的中国人民。改革开放以来由于中西文化的激荡,传统礼文化受到一定冲击,其涵养德行的功能被弱化,在大学生中表现为明礼崇德自觉性的下降。为使大学生肩负起民族复兴的大任,強化其明礼崇德教育、提高其礼仪涵养和道德素质,是践行社会主义核心价值观的基本环节,是实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的必要举措。     

How Should We Reward A Hero?

正Dear Readers,Forum is a column that provides a space for varying perspectives on contemporary Chinese society.We invite you to submit personal viewpoints on past and current topics(in either English or Chinese).     

“仁”与主体际性——社会公共道德重建的心性基础

“仁”代表着中国古人从人际关系视角研究、探讨德性和社会规范的思路，是理解中华文明的关键概念，这一范畴的突出特点强烈的实践性。主体际性概念出现在20世纪初的西方哲学中，是对主客二分的近代理性主义传统的超越，其意义在于申明了自我主体与对象主体间的共生性、平等性、交互性。“仁”与主体际性之间存在内存契合，可以说是以经验形态表达了后现代主体际性的实践理性。在主体际性视域中重新发掘和理解“仁”，重新解读其文化心理本质并为生活服务，或许可为中华文明吸纳、消化现代文明提供一条路径。     

毛泽东的道德信仰与儒家伦理思想——纪念毛泽东诞生120周年

＂修身治国＂是儒家学说中底蕴深厚的文化现象,历代儒家都把崇高的道德信仰作为实现人生价值和达到人格完善的重要手段,并建立了比较系统的伦理思想。在中国革命和社会主义建设进程中,毛泽东同志从儒家伦理中撷取了大量的思想资源,结合党的思想建设进行批判、吸收和发扬,形成了以＂全心全意为人民服务＂为主要内容,以＂大公无私＂为价值取向,以＂批评与自我批评＂为基本方法,以＂共产主义先进模范＂为崇高追求的道德信仰理论。     

Partisan effects in morality policy making

Current comparative policy research gives no clear answer to the question of whether partisan politics in general or the partisan composition of governments in particular matter for different morality policy outputs across countries and over time. This article addresses this desideratum by employing a new encompassing dataset that captures the regulatory permissiveness in six morality policies that are homosexuality, same‐sex partnership, prostitution, pornography, abortion and euthanasia in 16 European countries over five decades from 1960 to 2010. Given the prevalent scepticism about a role for political parties for morality policies in existing research, this is a ‘hard’ test case for the ‘parties do matter’ argument. Starting from the basic theoretical assumption that different party families, if represented in national governments to varying degrees, ought to leave differing imprints on morality policy making, this research demonstrates that parties matter when accounting for the variation in morality policy outputs. This general statement needs to be qualified in three important ways. First, the nature of morality policy implies that party positions or preferences cannot be fully understood by merely focusing on one single cleavage alone. Instead, morality policy is located at the interface of different cleavages, including not only left‐right and secular‐religious dimensions, but also the conflicts between materialism and postmaterialism, green‐alternative‐libertarian and traditional‐authoritarian‐nationalist (GAL‐TAN) parties, and integration and demarcation. Second, it is argued in this article that the relevance of different cleavages for morality issues varies over time. Third, partisan effects can be found only if individual cabinets, rather than country‐years, are used as the unit of analysis in the research design. In particular, party families that tend to prioritise individual freedom over collective interests (i.e., left and liberal parties) are associated with significantly more liberal morality policies than party families that stress societal values and order (i.e., conservative/right and religious parties). While the latter are unlikely to overturn previous moves towards permissiveness, these results suggest that they might preserve the status quo at least. Curiously, no systematic effects of green parties are found, which may be because they have been represented in European governments at later periods when morality policy outputs were already quite permissive.     

试论儒家德治思想基础、特征及其局限

儒家政治思想是中国传统意识形态的基石,儒家的德治思想又是这个基石的内核,由此形成了独特的德治思维.儒家思想家们把从事政治活动的每个人都想象成为在道德方面完善的主体,这也是中国传统政治中的主流意识形态.本文在分析儒家德治思想的基础和特征的同时,从政治思维、政治理性、方法论等方面又进一步分析了儒家德治思想的局限.     

论现阶段大学生道德教育

当前，大学生道德教育问题，不仅在全国高等学校，甚至整个社会都十分关注。随着社会经济的发展，以及受西方各种思潮的冲击，现阶段大学生的思想无可避免地受到一定程度的干扰。尤其是道德素质方面出现严重滑坡。道德教育在培养大学生全面发展的过程中具有十分重要的作用，因此，加强大学生的道德教育迫在眉睫。     

国家治理现代化视阈下的法律、道德与组织规范关系

国家治理现代化须以系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的规范体系为基础。而法律、道德和"组织规范"共同构成现代社会的规范体系。因而,高度重视"组织规范"并正确处理好它与法律道德的关系,就显得十分重要。"组织规范"具有民间性、自主和自治性,有权制定并实施"组织规范",约束组织本身及其成员的相关行为。这些"组织规范"上承法律下接道德,但又不是照抄照搬,而是依"法无禁止即可为"原则独立存在。在中国继续深化改革和努力实现国家治理现代化的背景下,有必要重新认识三大基础规范的关系,从而有效发挥"组织规范"的作用,构建良好社会秩序。     

诸葛亮家庭教育思想探析

在中国的传统家庭教育思想中,诸葛亮的家庭教育思想是比较有代表性的。其教子育人思想集中体现在《诫子书》《又诫子书》和《诫外生书》等书信中。从治学之规、立身之道,到待人接物、约制酒量,诸葛亮都不厌其烦,谆谆教诲。这些凝结了诸葛亮心血和智慧的人生箴言,至今仍具有鲜活的生命力。     

共产主义道德在社会主义道德体系构建中的历史境遇

改革开放以来,我们党在社会主义道德体系构建过程中,改变了过去共产主义道德宣传教育中“一刀切”的做法,在注重人民群众道德的层次性和多样性的基础上,一方面将共产主义道德的核心内容继承下来,另一方面也将原来被无限拔高的、本属于基本公民道德规范的内容进行了必要的发扬和细化,使之更具时代性。我们在将共产主义道德中的部分内容（如“毫不利己,专门利人”、“大公无私”）作为人类道德最高形态看待的同时,也应注重将其其中的主体内容视为中国革命道德,并将其作为民族精神加以宣传和弘扬。