33.15及33.6探针对中国人DNA指纹图的研究

目的统计用33．15及33．6探针对中国人进行DNA指纹图检验的群体调查资料，为实际案件的检验提供理论依据。方法应用33．15及33．6探针为中国北京地区无关群体的血液进行DNA指纹图分析。结果应用33．15探针检验15人的DNA指纹图，无关个体间相关机率为1．03×10-15，两无关个体间出现同一谱带的平均概率0．176；应用33．6探针检验19人的DNA指纹图，无关个体间相关机率为1．53×11-11，两无关个体间出现同一港带的平均概率为0．187；两探针均符合孟德尔遗传规律，均具有组织同一性。结论本研究结果可应用于法医物证检验的亲子鉴定及个体识别。     

33.15及33.6探针对中国人DNA指纹图的研究

目的 统计用３３．１５及３３．６探针对中国人进行ＤＮＡ指纹图检验的群体调查资料，为实际案件的检验提供理论依据。方法 应用３３．１５及３３．６探针为中国北京地区无关群体的血液进行ＤＮＡ指纹图分析。结果 应用３３．１５探针检验１５人的ＤＮＡ指纹图，无关个体间相关机率为１．０３×１０＾－１５，两无关个体间出现同一谱带的平均概率０．１７６；应用３３．６探针检验１９人的ＤＮＡ指纹图，无关个体间相关机率为１．     

HinfⅠ和HaeⅢ酶解条件对DNA指纹图的影响

用辣根过氧化物酶标记α-珠蛋白-3’－HVR探针检测同一个体的DNA，其所产生的DNA指纹图谱带随着酶解条件的变化而发生改变。由于谱带的改变，给亲子关系的同一认定带来了困难，尤其是多位点探针的检测。为了了解Hinfl和Hae皿两种酶在不同酶解时间和不同酶量的条件下对DNA指纹图谱带的影响，本文作者利用多位点探针a一珠蛋白一3’－HVR和单位点探针MSS进行检测VNTR图谱的实验。材料与方法一、材料1．无关个体血液样品取自平时破案中所剩检材；2．琼服糖（美国signla公司产）；3．Hinfl和HaeI（美国premagem公司）4．非同位素标记…     

用非放射性标记MYO探针进行DNA指纹分析

用非放射性标记ＭＹＯ探针进行人的ＤＮＡ指纹分析，获得了清晰易读的ＤＮＡ指纹图，并用该方法调查了云南省的７８名无关个体，经统计学分析，计算出无关个体的相关几率是３．４×１０－１０，高于３２Ｐ标记的Ｍｙｏ探针。研究结果表明该方法是一种简便、快速、灵敏、可靠、经济的ＤＮＡ指纹图检测技术，可在法医鉴定及其它领域里得到更广泛的应用。     

HRP标记α-珠蛋白-3′HVR探针进行DNA指纹分析的法医学应用研究

用ＩＩＲＰ标记α－珠蛋白－３′ＨＶＲＤＮＡ探针，化学光增强法检测，获得清晰易读的ＤＮＡ指纹图、分析引名广东地区无关个体的ＤＮＡ指纹图、平均每个个体有１９７条谱带，灵敏度接近同位素３２Ｐ标记探针的水平．两个无关个体间出现同一谱带的相关率为０．２１９。将此方法用于亲子鉴定，取得了令人满意的结果。     

DNA指纹图在法医学鉴定中应用的研究(Ⅱ)——应用‘Myo’小卫星探针进行血斑、精斑、个体组织的个体认定

应用‘Myo’小卫星 DNA 探针,Southern 印迹杂交技术,对血斑、精斑、同一个体不同组织进行 DNA 指纹图分析,均获得清晰的图谱。同一个体的血斑与血液、精斑与精液以及不同的组织其 DNA 指纹图谱完全相同。可以根据斑痕或组织与嫌疑个体的血液或某一组织 DNA 的指纹图谱比对以做出同一认定。50μl 血液量的血斑、5μl 精液量的精斑可以获得清晰易辨的指纹图谱。五年的精斑、两年的血斑亦可做出与同源个体新鲜精液、血液完全一致的 DNA 指纹图谱。对杀人、强奸杀人、碎尸等不同案件的血痕、精斑、不同组织碎块进行了 DNA 指纹图检验,均做出了正确的个体认定。本方法的应用为我国法医物证检验提供了新的分析手段,使个体认定得以实现。     

DNA技术在法医学上的应用(续)

<正> 四、DNA指纹用于个体识别因DNA具有高度多态性,因此不同个体DNA指纹图各不相同,可以进行个体识别。下面以Jeffreys的33.15DNA探针做DNA指纹图为例,说明DNA指纹图的个体识别作用。取20名随机个体DNA,以HinfI消化,Southern印迹后与33.15探针杂交,得每个人DNA指纹图。然后做相邻两个体指纹图比较,将20个个体图中区带数全部算出,取平均值、并计算标准差。然后根据相邻个体共存区带数,求出等位基     

微型DNA指纹图的研究与应用

作者采用小板琼脂糖凝胶电泳,应用MYO探针,Southern印迹杂交技术制作微型DNA指纹图,能获得清晰图谱。实验结果表明,同一个体的血液与血斑,精液与精斑及不同部位的组织,其指纹图谱完全相同。不同个体的微型DNA指纹图谱有明显个体差异。用本法能使大板DNA指纹图的常规检出量重复15～20次,最小检出量为250ng,达到极微量的水平。     

HRP标记α—珠蛋白—3‘HVR探针进行DNA指纹分析的法医学应用研究

用ＨＲＰ标记α－珠蛋白－３ＨＶＲ ＤＮＡ探针，化学光增强法检测，获得清晰易读的ＤＮＡ指纹图，分析２１名广东地区无关个体的ＤＮＡ指纹图，平均每个个体有１９．７条谱带，灵敏度接近同位素＾３２Ｐ标记探针的水平，两个我关个体间出现同一谱带的相关 率为０．２１９。将此方法用于亲子鉴定，取得了令人满意的结果。     

DNA指纹图在法医学鉴定中应用的研究(Ⅰ)

应用 MYO DNA 探针对中国人进行了 DNA 遗传指纹图检验。从两个家系16人及100个无关个体中取肘静脉血提取 DNA,用限制性内切酶 HinfⅠ或 HaeⅢ水解,1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离,经 Southern印迹转移,MYO DNA 探针杂交,获得了清晰可辨的 DNA 指纹图谱。结果每个个体在3.0Kb 以上均能检出10条以上杂交区带,个体间的相关概率<4×10~(-9),由杂交区带构成的图谱是个体特异的,杂交区带遵循孟德尔的显性遗传方式由亲代向子代遗传;具有 DNA Fingerprints 的特点。对两起亲子鉴定的案例进行指纹图检验,孩子所存在的杂交区带,除来自母亲外,其余可在嫌疑父亲带中找到,肯定了孩子与嫌疑人的父子关系。MYO DNA 探针在亲子鉴定与个人识别的法医学鉴定中有着重要的实用价值。     

用α-珠旦白-3’HVR探针研究DNA指纹

用α-珠蛋白-3’HVR探针,经Southern印迹法,对100名不相关个体及4个家系的32名相关个体的DNA指纹进行了检测,所产生的DNA图谱具有高度的个体特异性,在被测的所有个体中无一相同。经统计学计算表明,任意两个个体DNA指纹图重合率为10~(-11)。家系分析毒明,DNA片段严格按照孟德尔方式遗传。该探针的应用,将在法医学亲子鉴定和个人同一认定中发挥重要的作用。     

人DNA指纹检测的初步研究

根据随机探针检测DNA限制片段长度多态性的原理和人与鼠的髓鞘硷性蛋白(MBP)基因cDNA有90％以上同源序列的事实,我们选用rMBP-cDNA 3'端非表达区高度重复顺序的0.81kb片段作探针,检测用HaeⅢ酶解的人DNA限制性片段结果可以分解出22条谱带,受检的30例无血缘关系的个体之间,没有两个人的谱带是完全相同的,显示出此方法的高度特异性。本文还比较了若干DNA片段作探针和几种限制性内切酶检测人DNA指纹的结果。     

Highly polymorphic minisatellite DNA probes. Further evaluation for individual identification and paternity testing

Reliable and reproducible protocols have been developed for the routine DNA fingerprinting of individuals using the highly polymorphic minisatellite DNA probes 33.15 and 33.6. Comparison of DNA fingerprinting from 50 individuals has generated further data on the level of band sharing in the DNA fingerprints of unrelated individuals, as well as the number of bands scorable in individuals. These results are consistent with previous studies. The occurrence of mutant bands in offspring has been examined in over 100 families. Further support is presented for the Mendelian inheritance of minisatellite loci and for lack of significant allelism and linkage between different variable DNA fragments detected in a human DNA fingerprint.     

HaeⅢ和HinfⅠ酶解DNA指纹图的比较——一例乱伦案的亲子鉴定

<正> DNA指纹技术已经在法医生物物证鉴定中被日益广泛地应用。从理论上说,两种不同的限制性内切酶酶解同一个体DNA产生完全不同的指纹图,虽有这方面的一般性报道,但无进一步的研究。作者用α—珠蛋白-3’HVR探针比较了HinfI和HaeⅢ酶解的DNA指纹图,并将此结果应用于案例鉴定,报道如下。     

Enhanced conditions for DNA fingerprinting with biotinylated M13 bacteriophage

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprints are Southern blots which have a pattern resembling bar codes. The pattern is created by DNA probes that bind to variable-length repeated sequences of human genomic DNA digested with restriction endonucleases. To improve DNA fingerprints obtained with biotin-labeled M13mp8 replicative form (RF) bacteriophage as the gene probe, the conditions for hybridization and the subsequent washing steps of the filter were refined. Experiments were conducted varying the electrophoresis time, blotting membranes, hybridization solution, and posthybridization washes. The simplicity, sensitivity, and reliability of this nonistopic technique make possible its application for identification of individuals within a species, for parentage testing, and for monitoring bone marrow transplantation.     

Multi-locus DNA fingerprints using oligonucleotide probe (CAC)5/(GTG)5 in the Chinese population]

In order to test the practical applicability of oligonucleotide fingerprinting in China we have investigated unrelated individuals, family members and a pair of twins from the Beijing area using the probe (CAC)5/(GTG)5. Except for the monozygotic twins highly variable banding patterns were demonstrated as expected for the randomly selected individuals but also for the relatives. On the basis of an initial survey of 50 unrelated individuals the calculated probability for obtaining by chance two identical multilocus patterns is very small (less than 1.93 x 10(-13). Therefore it seems reasonable to conclude that like in caucasians, (CAC)5/(GTG)5 fingerprints are completely individual-specific also in this population. Therefore they have already been used successfully for identification purposes and paternity tests in many actual cases.     

Sequence polymorphism in the coding region of mitochondrial genome encompassing position 8389–8865

Analysis of the polymorphic sequences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely applied to forensic tests and anthropology studies. However, these polymorphic data in human have thus far been derived from the displacement-loop and intergenic regions only. Here, we report the identification of clustered polymorphic sites in the mitochondria coding region encompassing position 8389–8865. The DNA sequences of 119 unrelated Chinese were determined by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. The results showed that heteroplasmy was found in five individuals, 39 sites were noted in this 477 bp region, and 41 haplotypes were identified. The probability of identity and allelic diversity were estimated as 0.1265 and 0.8809, respectively. The results suggest that sequence polymorphism from position 8389–8865 in human mtDNA can be used as a marker for identity investigation.     

DNA指纹技术在强奸案和亲子鉴定中的应用

在同一张膜上测定了18例无关个体血样,并计算出α-珠蛋白-3'HVR探针DNA指纹图的相关机率为4.0×10~(-12),平均每条谱带的相关机率为0.21。用此探针检验的14起强奸案和6起亲子鉴定案均获得肯定的结论。     

布料上掌纹的真空镀膜显现及DNA检验的研究

目的探究布料载体上潜掌纹经真空镀膜显现后,掌纹DNA提取相关影响因素与检出基因座数目的关系。方法分别进行出汗手与无汗手掌纹按压,放置不同时间;对提取的掌纹DNA进行定量检测;比较白色与黑色布料载体基因座数目检出情况。结果掌纹基因座数目检出随时间延长而递减,出汗手组基因座数目检出高于无汗手组,rfu值600时,基因座数目检出百分比90%,模板量阈值为0.013ng。同一提取方法白布基因座数目检出高于黑布,布料色素抑制PCR扩增,致使基因座检出数目减少。结论真空镀膜技术能够很好地应于掌纹DNA的检测。