北京地区汉族人群Penta B、E、C基因座遗传多态性

微卫星(STR)基因座常根据串联重复单元的核苷酸数进行分类。其中五核苷酸重复序列(Pentanucleotide)是指串联重复单元为五核苷酸的STR基因座,其结构比四核苷酸重复序列更加稳定[1]。四核苷酸序列基因座是法医DNA分析最常用的基因座,而五核苷酸序列基因座在当前法医学所采用的商品化的试剂盒中仅有Penta E、Penta D(Promega,USA),所以存在很大的研究空间。本文选取Penta B、Penta E和Penta C(基因座信息见表1)三个STR基因座,在北京地区汉族人群中,随机抽取203名无关个体进行多态性调查。表1 Penta B、E、C基因座信息基因座基因…     

STR基因座中检出三带型等位基因3例CSCD

目前,国内外进行亲子鉴定主要采用短串联重复序列(STR)分型方法。常用STR分型试剂盒中的STR基因座多为四核苷酸或五核苷酸重复序列的基因座。正常情况下,常染色体上的单个STR基因座纯合子个体的分型图谱表现为只有1条带或1个峰.     

STR基因座中检出三带型等位基因3例

<正>目前,国内外进行亲子鉴定主要采用短串联重复序列(STR)分型方法。常用STR分型试剂盒中的STR基因座多为四核苷酸或五核苷酸重复序列的基因座。正常情况下,常染色体上的单个STR基因座纯合子个体的分型图谱表现为只有1条带或1个峰,杂合子个体的分型图谱表现为2条带或2个     

2个Y——STR基因座在成都汉族群体中的遗传学研究

目的为了寻求新的适合于法医学应用的Y染色体STR基因座,我们调查了基因座DYS442和DYS446在成都群体中的分布. 方法样本来自于成都地区汉族无血缘关系的个体,通过Chelex法提取样本DNA,利用PCR扩增硝酸银染色方法进行分型 . 结果 DYS442是一个四核苷酸简单重复基因座,而DYS446则为五核苷酸简单重复基因座.男性样本都出现了谱带,而女性样本则无PCR产物.DYS442基因座和DYS44 6基因座变异度分别为:0.6867、0.7552. 结论 DYS442和DYS446是非常适合于法医学应用的STR基因座.     

北京地区汉族人群SE33基因座遗传多态性

SE33基因座是短串联重复序列STR基因座,位于人类6号染色体长臂,核心序列为AAAG,片段大小在203~333之间。本文对北京地区汉族人群206例无关个体的血样进行SE33基因座多态性调查,现报道如下。1材料和方法206份北京地区汉族无关个体血样。Chelex-100法提取DNA;PowerPlex SE33基因座扩增试剂盒(Promega,美国)(详见试剂盒说明)、9700基因扩增仪扩增;产物用AB I 3100基因分析仪进行分离和检测;Genescan和Genetyper软件进行结果分析。运用统计学计算通用公式[1]进行统计学分析。2结果和讨论206例无关个体的SE33基因座分型结果见表1。表1…     

2个Y-STR基因座在成都汉族群体中的遗传学研究

目的　为了寻求新的适合于法医学应用的Y染色体STR基因座 ,我们调查了基因座DYS44 2和DYS44 6在成都群体中的分布。　方法　样本来自于成都地区汉族无血缘关系的个体 ,通过Chelex法提取样本DNA ,利用PCR扩增硝酸银染色方法进行分型。　结果　DYS44 2是一个四核苷酸简单重复基因座 ,而DYS44 6则为五核苷酸简单重复基因座。男性样本都出现了谱带 ,而女性样本则无PCR产物。DYS44 2基因座和DYS44 6基因座变异度分别为 :0 .6 86 7、0 .75 5 2。　结论　DYS44 2和DYS44 6是非常适合于法医学应用的STR基因座。     

中国3个群体的DYS385基因座的遗传多态性

<正> DYS385基因座是Y染色体上以GAAA为重复单位的四核苷酸重复序列,目前已发现16种等位基因,重复单位数目为9～24,片段长度大小为360～420 bp,DYS385基因座的一对引物同Y染色体上的两个基因座结合,扩增出片段大小有交叉的两组产物,两组产物连锁组成单倍型。DYS385被认为是Y染色体多态性最好的STR基因座之一,在法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定中具有重要的应用价值[1、2]。本文作者调查了DYS385基因座在中国北方汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨族群体的多态性,现报告如下。     

南昌汉族人群DYS19、DYS390基因座遗传多态性

Y染色体呈父系遗传,所有基因座之间存在连锁关系,而且Y-STR基因座在不同人群的差异远远高于常染色体基因座。故Y-STR基因座分析在单亲父子对或可疑父亲缺席的父权鉴定及混合检材(精液与阴道液)的检验中以及人类遗传学研究中的特殊价值日益受到人们的重视。DYS19、DYS390是Y染色体上的STR基因座,均为四核苷酸重复序列,重复单位分别为GATA、TCTG/A。有研究表明上述两个基因座等位基因多,多态性高,是法医鉴定中非常有意义的STR基因座[1-2]。本研究采用PCR扩增、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染显带的方法对南昌汉族人群的Y-STR基因座…     

6个五核苷酸STR基因座荧光复合扩增体系的建立

目的 构建6个五核苷酸STR基因座荧光复合扩增体系。方法筛选6个多态性程度较高的五核苷酸STR基因座D10S2325、Penta B、Penta W、PentaX、Penta D和PentaE,按照复合扩增引物设计要求,重新设计引物并标记荧光染料,经反复调整和优化,构建6基因座荧光复合扩增体系,并用该复合扩增体系对239名武汉汉族无关个体进行分型。结果6个五核苷酸STR基因座荧光复合扩增体系分型稳定,可重复性好,与各自相应单基因座分型结果完全一致;累积个人识别率达0．999999988,累积非父排除率达0．998063807。结论本文构建的6个五核苷酸STR基因座荧光复合扩增体系具有很高的法医学实用价值,可作为商品化试剂盒的有效补充。     

天津地区朝鲜族9个STR基因座遗传多态性

目的　调查天津地区朝鲜族人群无关个体 9个STR基因座 (D3S135 8、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D2 1S11、D18S5 1、D5S818、D13S17、D7S82 0 )多态性分布 ,研究其在法医学检验中的应用。方法　应用AmpFLSTR○R　ProfilerPlusTM荧光标记复合扩增系统对 184例天津地区朝鲜族无关个体血样DNA进行 9个STR基因座的复合扩增 ,用ABI310遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测 ,用GeneScan、GenoTyper软件进行基因分型 ,统计计算 9个STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果　该群体上述 9个STR基因座检出的等位基因及其基因型多态性分布良好 ,经校验 ,符合Hardy Weinberg平衡定律 ,累计个体识别力 (TDP)为 0 99999999996 ,偶合率为 4 .0 6×10 - 11,累积非父排除能力 (PE)为 0 9899。结论　上述 9个STR基因座适用于本地区该群体各类案件的法医学个体识别和亲权鉴定。     

An STR forensic typing system for genetic individualization of domestic cat (Felis catus) samples

A forensic genotyping panel of 11 tetranucleotide STR loci from the domestic cat was characterized and evaluated for genetic individualization of cat tissues. We first examined 49 candidate STR loci and their frequency assessment in domestic cat populations. The STR loci (3-4 base pair repeat motifs), mapped in the cat genome relative to 579 coding loci and 255 STR loci, are well distributed across the 18 feline autosomes. All loci exhibit Mendelian inheritance in a multi-generation pedigree. Eleven loci that were unlinked and were highly heterozygous in cat breeds were selected for a forensic panel. Heterozygosity values obtained for the independent loci, ranged from 0.60-0.82, while the average cat breed heterozygosity obtained for the 11 locus panel was 0.71 (range of 0.57-0.83). A small sample set of outbred domestic cats displayed a heterozygosity of 0.86 for the 11 locus panel. The power of discrimination of the panel is moderate to high in the cat breeds examined, with an average P(m) of 3.7E-06. The panel shows good potential for genetic individualization within outbred domestic cats with a P(m) of 5.31E-08. A multiplex protocol, designed for the co-amplification of the 11 loci and a gender-identifying locus, is species specific and robust, generating a product profile with as little as 0.125 nanograms of genomic DNA.     

Italian population data on two new short tandem repeat loci: D2S1338 and Penta E

A population study on two new short tandem repeat (STR) loci D2S1338 (a tetranucleotide repeat) and Penta E (a pentanucleotide repeat) was performed on 208 unrelated Italian Caucasians. The DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and separation and detection of the amplified STR fragments were carried out by use of a PE/ABD PRISM 377 DNA Sequencer 377 automated system (Applied Biosystems Division/Perkin-Elmer). Both loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations. There is no evidence for departures from expectations between the two loci. The combined Probability of Discrimination and Probability of Exclusion for the two STR loci are 0.999155 and 0.944925, respectively. The results demonstrate that these two regions can be useful for differentiating among individuals, particularly in concert with other STR loci.     

Genetic diversity in four tribal groups of western India: a survey of polymorphism in 15 STR loci and their application in human identification

Genetic diversity at 15 STR loci: 2 pentanucleotide and 13 tetranucleotide STR loci was determined in four highly endogamous tribal groups, viz. Madia-Gond, Mahadeo-Koli, Katkari and Pawara of western India. The distribution of genotypes at studied 15 loci was found in agreement with expected values according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The combined power of discrimination of 15 loci was calculated as 0.80 while combined power of exclusion was observed as 0.53 among the studied four tribal groups. The study demonstrate very low heterozygosity and low power of exclusion of the loci of Powerplex 16 among the selected groups indicating less informativeness of the studied markers in human identification testing.     

A new triplex STR system without irregular alleles by silver staining and its potential application to forensic analysis

In order to increase the discriminating power of DNA analysis in forensic science, we devised a new triplex STR system using three novel STR loci we previously reported, D14S299 (wglc5), D15S233 (wgldl), and 9q2h2. We designated this system a CDH triplex system. The CDH triplex system showed a high discriminating power, especially in Caucasians. This system is composed of three STR loci showing only regular tetranucleotide repeat alleles. We easily enlarged the databases mainly of Japanese, using this system, and compared them with those of Caucasian and Chinese. This CDH triplex system therefore appears to be useful for forensic practice.     

A population genetic database of cat breeds developed in coordination with a domestic cat STR multiplex

A simple tandem repeat (STR) PCR-based typing system developed for the genetic individualization of domestic cat samples has been used to generate a population genetic database of domestic cat breeds. A panel of 10 tetranucleotide STR loci and a gender-identifying sequence tagged site (STS) were co-amplified in genomic DNA of 1043 individuals representing 38 cat breeds. The STR panel exhibits relatively high heterozygosity in cat breeds, with an average 10-locus heterozygosity of 0.71, which represents an average of 38 breed-specific heterozygosities for the 10-member panel. When the entire set of breed individuals was analyzed as a single population, a heterozygosity of 0.87 was observed. Heterozygosities obtained for the 10 loci range from 0.72 to 0.96. The power for genetic individualization of domestic cat samples of the multiplex is high, with a probability of match (p(m)) of 6.2E-14, using a conservative θ = 0.05.     

Constructing universal multiplex PCR systems for comparative genotyping

Analysis of length polymorphisms at STR loci in the human genome has become a standard approach for comparative genotyping in many areas including disease research and diagnostics, parentage assessment, investigations of human diversity, and forensic science. The simultaneous analysis of multiple STR loci through multiplex PCR and multicolor fluorescence detection offers sample conservation, high throughput, and automated genetic analysis. Careful design and optimization of tetranucleotide STR multiplexes has led to reliable, standardized systems that powerfully differentiate and distinguish individual human DNA profiles. The development of these multiplex systems involved a rigorous experimental strategy that included careful selection of PCR primer sequences (for yield, specificity, and multiplex compatability), along with optimization of PCR component concentrations, thermal cycling parameters, and fluorescence detection conditions. This developmental approach rendered well-characterized DNA typing systems that are high performing (sensitive, specific, and balanced), optimized to universal parameters (same reaction conditions), resilient to fluctuations in reaction conditions, and simple to implement and use routinely.     

Genotypic polymorphisms at seventeen autosomal short tandem repeat loci in four tribal populations of Andhra Pradesh, India

Four tribal populations of Andhra Pradesh, South India (1), Chenchu (n=100), Lambadi (n=107), Naikpod Gond (n=104) and Yerukula (n=101) were analyzed for DNA polymorphisms at 15 tetranucleotide and 2 pentanucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) loci in the present study.     

STR polymorphism among two tribal populations of India

Two tribal populations of India, Bison Horn Maria and Muria from Bastar district of Madhya Pradesh in Central India were studied for DNA polymorphisms at tetranucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) loci (F13A01 and HUMvWA). A total of 63 random adult individuals for F13A01 locus and 53 samples for HUMvWA were analyzed in the present study.     

STR复合扩增及荧光检测技术在个体识别中的应用

目的 :使用 310型遗传分析仪对D3S1358等 10个位点进行基因型检测并应用于法医物证学个体识别案件。方法 :用PCR复合扩增结合四色荧光检测技术对样本DNA进行基因分型。结果 :常见物证检材可成功地得到检验。结论 :这些位点适用于法医物证学个体识别。