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目的探讨主动脉夹层破裂的死亡原因、临床表现及法医病理学特点。方法对中山大学法医鉴定中心2001—2011年受理的63例主动脉夹层破裂致死的案例进行回顾性分析。结果主动脉夹层破裂好发于中青年男性(30~49岁);病理分型以DeBakeyⅡ型为主;常见死亡原因为心脏压塞;临床症状以中腹痛最为常见,但其疼痛部位和主动脉夹层部位吻合度不高,部分可无明显症状;破裂口多在升主动脉,多伴有动脉粥样硬化、高血压病理改变。结论熟悉主动脉夹层的临床表现及法医病理学特点,对此种疾病生前诊断及死因鉴定具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
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目的探讨致死性心脏压塞的法医病理学特点和鉴定要点。方法对成都中医药大学附属医院病理科2005~2015年完成的38例心脏压塞致死案例进行回顾分析。结果致死性心脏压塞好发于男性(71.1%),平均年龄44岁;直接死因血性积液34例,非血性4例;根本死因以疾病多见(73.7%),主要为夹层动脉瘤、冠心病、恶性肿瘤;发病12小时内死亡占75%;涉及医疗行为30例(78.9%),26例无医疗过错(86.7%);疾病致死案件涉及伤病关系15例(39.5%)。结论掌握致死性心脏压塞的法医病理学特点和鉴定路径是准确完成该类案件法医学鉴定的基本要求。 相似文献
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为了解澳大利亚司法鉴定技术发展现状,借鉴澳大利亚鉴定机构的发展理念、优势技术和鉴定管理等经验,司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所组织法医毒物学、法医病理学、法医临床学、司法鉴定质量控制等学科的专家及司法鉴定管理人员对澳大利亚五个司法鉴定机构进行了考察访问。通过交流,对澳大利亚司法鉴定的基本概况、组织结构、质量控制等有了基本了解,对各司法鉴定专业尤其是法医毒物学、法医病理学、临床法医学的鉴定技术及科研现状有了深刻的认识。 相似文献
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目的 分析法医尸体检验后送检器官的病理学特征,总结此类案件的特点.方法 对宝鸡市法医送检358例尸体解剖器官标本进行常规检查并进行组织病理学诊断. 结果 358例中以青壮年男性为主,死亡原因主要为创伤、猝死、中毒.组织学能明确死亡原因250例,无典型组织学病变101例,组织自溶腐败7例.病理诊断以心血管疾病为主,其次为呼吸、神经、消化系统疾病. 结论 法医解剖具有专业特点,与病理解剖不尽相同.组织病理学检验进行死亡原因诊断时,应积极与法医沟通,以充分掌握案情、死亡经过及特定的法医病理学特征. 相似文献
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孤立性心肌炎(isolatedmyocarditis)在心血管系统疾病中并不少见,由于本病可致猝死,故在法医病理学鉴定工作中常可遇到。一般对那些病变典型,有相应临床表现的案例,鉴定并不困难,但对病变程度较轻,又无相应临床表现的猝死案例,在死因诊断时往往出现分歧。作者复习本室30余年来尸检诊断为孤立性心肌炎猝死的案例,并选择部分因急性暴力死亡尸检案例的心脏标本作对照,结合文献,对该病猝死的法医病理学诊断问题进行探讨。材料与方法1.5例孤立性心肌炎猝死者的心脏。分别在其左室、乳头肌、右室取材,石蜡切片,HE染色,镜检。2.1… 相似文献
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A case of erythrocytic polyagglutination in a healthy blood donor is reported. After a review of current literature, the results of clinical and serologic tests which led to the diagnosis of Tn-red cells polyagglutination are presented. This is only the sixth case of Tn-activation in a healthy blood donor. The clinical and forensic significance of this rare phenomenon is discussed. 相似文献
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Dayapala A Samarasekera A Jayasena A 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2012,33(1):80-82
Delayed sequelae after pressure on the neck are rare. Awareness of such sequelae as well as a high degree of suspicion is essential for early detection and proper clinical management. Injuries to the common carotid artery and pseudo aneurysm formation leading to fatal hemorrhage are still rare occurrences after attempts of manual strangulation. When such cases are presented to the forensic pathologist, he has to establish the link between the cause and effect, excluding other possible causes for such complications. In addition, he may have to give opinions in possible medical negligence charges. 相似文献
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法医临床学是法医学的重要分支学科,正处于蓬勃发展阶段。研究法医临床学的发展史,对明确其定义和实践范畴,维护司法公正,具有重要意义。本文将从“简介、历史溯源、18世纪之后的法医临床学发展、现代法医临床学、世界法医临床学司法实践现状和结语”六个部分介绍法医临床学在国外,尤其是英国的发展历史,促进我国法医临床学的学科建设和发展。 相似文献
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Suicide is a deliberate act of ending one's life. Suicide by use of any explosive device, when not involved in a terrorist act, is quite rare in occurrence when compared with other methods routinely utilized. In this paper, we present to the medicolegal community a case of an adult male who committed suicide with blasting caps and the subsequent extensive damage to the cranial hard tissue. Although the cause and manner of death were relatively straightforward, consultation with forensic anthropologists was requested for an anthropological trauma assessment of the highly fragmented skull. After the skull was cleaned and reconstructed, the analysis revealed similarities between blasting cap trauma to the head and high velocity gunshot trauma to the head. Therefore, in a case where some evidence may have been removed or destroyed, forensic analysis involving trauma of this magnitude could result in a misinterpretation of the true mechanism responsible for the osseous damage. In this case, cooperation among the law enforcement agency, coroner's investigators, the forensic pathologist, and forensic anthropologists provided a comprehensive death case analysis. 相似文献
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本文分析司法鉴定意见的基本属性,认为其同时具备科学证据以及证据学的特征属性.在此基础上针对法医学鉴定文书存在的问题。就法医学鉴定文书的制作方法进行探讨。 相似文献
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《Science & justice》2020,60(1):1-8
Human biological samples with multiple contributors remain one of the most challenging aspects of DNA typing within a forensic science context. With the increasing sensitivity of commercially available kits allowing detection of low template DNA, complex mixtures are now a standard component of forensic DNA evidence. Over the years, various methods and techniques have been developed to try to resolve the issue of mixed profiles. However, forensic DNA analysis has relied on the same markers to generate DNA profiles for the past 30 years causing considerable challenges in the deconvolution of complex mixed samples. The future of resolving complicated DNA mixtures may rely on utilising markers that have been previously applied to gene typing of non-forensic relevance. With Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS), techniques becoming more popular and accessible even epigenetic markers have become a source of interest for forensic scientists.The aim of this review is to consider the potential of alleles from the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) complex as effective forensic markers. While Massively Parallel Sequencing of HLA is routinely used in clinical laboratories in fields such as transplantation, pharmacology or population studies, there have not been any studies testing its suitability for forensic casework samples. 相似文献
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目的运用Citespace软件对法医临床学相关文献绘制知识图谱、进行可视化分析,探究该学科领域研究热点和动态发展,梳理鉴定难点脉络。方法汇总CNKI收录《中国法医学杂志》《刑事技术》《法医学杂志》《中国司法鉴定》刊登的法医临床学相关论文,利用Citespace分析其关键词、研究热点、基金资助、作者、发文机构及所在地等。结果法医临床学作为法医学分支学科之一,近年来呈现的科研成果部分获基金资助,多由开设法医学专业的院校完成;随着科研理论、技术方法推陈出新,法医临床学鉴定标准、版本也得以构建、更迭、完善,鉴定体量位居法医"四大类"之首。结论作为最具中国特色的法医学分支学科,法医临床学研究着重服务司法实践、以期用成果技术反哺鉴定,实现学术、实践的交流、转化。通过Citespace知识图谱可视化分析学科发展历程,有助于回溯此间规律,提示未来研究方向,提升鉴定业务水平,为持续增强法医临床学学科影响力提供借鉴。 相似文献